Question

1a. Why are some cells targets for a certain hormone and others are not targets?

1b. What is a hormone?

2. What 3 categories of things does the Pituitary gland do?

3. How does the pituitary affect the function of certain endocrine glands?

4. Why are endocrine glands called "ductless"

5. What is the function of the thyroid hormone?

6. What is the function of melatonin?

7. How does insulin function?

8. What two hormones are produced by the adrenal glands and what do they do?

9. What organ produces the hormone that controls function of the kidneys? (Hint: check the Study Guide)

10. Name 3 endocrine organs that function in two different organ systems.

Answer 1

1a) A cell that targets a certain hormone os called target cell. It has receptors for the hormone that's why it responds to that hormone. On the other hand the cells that do not have such receptors for the hormone are not influenced by the hormone.

1b) Hormone: Hormones are chemical substances that are secreted by one part of the body a and acts on another part of the body. Hormones are messengers that control and coordinate life activities throughout the body.

2) Pituitary gland's secreted hormones has a specific effects on.

• Thyroid
• Reproductive organs
• Adrenal glands.

Thyroid stimulating hormone activates thyroid gland to secret thyroid hormone important for metabolism.

Follicle stimulating hormone in involved in estrogen secretion for the growth of egg cells in women.

Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulates Adrenal gland to secret cortisol.

3) Pituitary gland is master gland as it produces so many types of hormones. These hormones are important for activating other hormones or used to increase their secretion. Some hormones sends signals to other Endocrine glands to increase or decrease the amounts of their hormones.

For instance;

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) it stimulates the thyroid gland to secret hormones like insulin when blood glucose level is high after intake of food which further leads to anabolic metabolism.

4) Endocrine glands are the glands of endocrine system they directly release their secretions into the blood rather than through ducts because they lack ducts in the first place. Hence they are called ductless glands.

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