Question

The fact that a prokaryote has the ability to make a new protein that is placed in the cell membrane of the mesosome is important to the process of evolution because this represents

a) the mutation of a gene

b) new DNA producing a new genetic variation

c) r RNA using a new type of m RNA

d) the species having a greater degree of genetic variability

e) all are true

plz also explain why the answer is correct.

Answer 1

ALL ARE TRUE.

The fact that a prokaryote has the ability to make a new protein that is placed in the cell membrane of the mesosome is important to the process of evolution because mesosomes helps in DNA replication, the replicated piece of DNA is then transcribed into a temperory mRNA which codes for different proteins. The process of synthesizing amino acid from mRNA is called translation. Transcription and translation may occur at the same time in prokaryotes because of the absence of Nucleus.

1. Option A : Mutation is the sudden inheritable change in the genotype and phenotype of an organism due to environmental factors called mutagens. It may create genetic diversity and leads to evolution.
2. Option B : Single stranded DNA is the major genetic material of Prokaryotes. As the DNA sequence get changed it will leads change in the sequence of mRNA synthesis and finally the amino acids will be sythesizing accordingly.
3. Option C : rRNA is the enzyme which helps ribosome for protein sythesize. Which is called as ribozyme. If the mRNA is of new type it may leads to synthesize a new type of protein in the process of translation.
4. The lifecycle of prokaryotes usually complete within a short period of time. So, the result of small change in the genetic material may creates high degree of genetic variability.