Question

46) Identify the developmental stages of adulthood, two (2) major activities related to each stage and 1 example of variation in health needs and ADLs. Developmental stage of adulthood:

46.1) Early adult period (20 to 40 years)

46.2) Middle adulthood (40 to 65 years)

46.3) Older adult (older than 65 years of age)

Please very super breifly, aproximately 30-50 words, explain below elements in regards to the above senarios seperately for each one of them on each one of the senarios:

Major activities?

Variation in health needs and ADLs?

Answer 1

ANSWER

The key stages that he discerned in early adulthood and midlife were as follows:

1. Early Adult Transition (Ages 16–24)

2. Forming a Life Structure (Ages 24–28)

3. Settling down (Ages 29–34)

4. Becoming One's Own Man (Ages 35–40)

5. Midlife Transition (Early forties)

6. Restabilization, into Late Adulthood (Age 45 and on)

Early adult period (20 to 40 years)

In early adulthood (ages 20–40), our physical abilities are at their peak, including muscle strength, reaction time, sensory abilities, and cardiac functioning. The aging process also begins during early adulthood and is characterized by changes in skin, vision, and reproductive capability.

During early adulthood, individuals continue to develop logical thinking. This is now applied (alongside skills and knowledge) into the workplace, where they are tasked to problem solve and make decisions about more complex situations.

For example, the lens of the eye starts to stiffen and thicken, resulting in changes in vision (usually affecting the ability to focus on close objects). Sensitivity to sound decreases; this happens twice as quickly for men as for women. Hair can start to thin and become gray around the age of 35, although this may happen earlier for some individuals and later for others. The skin becomes drier and wrinkles start to appear by the end of early adulthood.

Middle adulthood (40 to 65 years)

Normal Physiological Changes in Middle Adulthood. There are a few primary biological physical changes in midlife. There are changes in vision, hearing, more joint pain, and weight gain. Vision is affected by age.

While memorization skills and perceptual speed both start to decline in young adulthood, verbal abilities, spatial reasoning, simple math abilities and abstract reasoning skills all improve in middle age. Cognitive skills in the aging brain have also been studied extensively in pilots and air-traffic controllers.

For example Middle-aged adults are also at higher risk than younger adults for certain eye problems, such as glaucoma. Hearing also further declines: 14 percent of middle-aged Americans have hearing problems. Skin continues to dry out and is prone to more wrinkling, particularly on the sensitive face area. Age spots and blood vessels become more apparent as the skin continues to dry and get thinner. The muscle-to-fat ratio for both men and women also changes throughout middle adulthood, with an accumulation of fat in the stomach area.

Older adult (older than 65 years of age)

Remember to start slowly! Aim for light or moderate intensity for short periods of time. Make sure to spread out the physical activity sessions throughout the week. Increase physical activity gradually over a period of weeks to months.

1. Significant health benefits are seen in adults aged 65 years and older who participate in regular physical activity

2. Aerobic activity is also known as endurance activity and examples include: brisk walking, jogging, biking, dancing, and swimming.

For example, HCBS (Home- and Community-Based Services) use varies substantially across housing types based on service availability, accessibility, and geospatial proximity. While facilities such as Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs) enmesh services and housing HCBS are rarely offered accommodations in government subsidized senior housing that provide independent living apartments to older adults of limited means

VARIATION IN HEALTH NEEDS AND ADL'S

Activities of daily living (ADLs), often termed physical ADLs or basic ADLs, include the fundamental skills typically needed to manage basic physical needs, comprised the following areas: grooming/personal hygiene, dressing, toileting/continence, transferring/ambulating, and eating. These functional skills are mastered early in life and are relatively more preserved in light of declined cognitive functioning when compared to higher level tasks. Basic ADLs are generally categorized separately from Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), which include more complex activities related to independent living in the community (e.g., managing finances and medications).

We define capacity for ADLs more broadly than decision-making capacity in other domains explored elsewhere in this issue. Instead, we focus on the assessment to independently carry out basic ADLs and highlight the ability to engage in personal care as a key part of functional independence.