Question

4. Explain phencyclidine and inhalant related disorders. Include the general effects and treatment.

5. Explain implications for therapeutic recreation in regards to substance-related disorders.

Answer 1

Answer 4-

Phencyclidine related disorders-

-It occurs due to continued use of phencyclidine despite clinically significant distress or impairment. It includes a strong desire to consume the drug, difficulties in controlling its use, a high priority to drugs intake over other activities and increased tolerance towards the drug.

Effects:-

-Disinhibited behaviour

-violent behaviour

-Impaired intellect

-Hallucination

- Impairment in memory, speech and cognition

- Euphoria due to intoxication

- Denial of addiction

- rhabdomyolysis, respiratory problems.

Treatment:-

-management mostly consists of supportive care and treatment of anxiety, anxiety and agitation with lorazepam.

-treatment of psychosis with atypical antipsychotic medication.

-keep the patient socially active.

Inhalant-related disorder-

These disorders are a series of disorders which includes inhalant intoxication and disorders that involves the abuse of glue (dendrites), paint or other substances (inhalants) that generate a "high" in the subject when inhaled.

Inhalants are inhaled through the mouth (huffing) or sniffed through the nostrils, the high usually lasts for several minutes. The use of inhalants can cause seizures, coma and even death. But addiction is possible.

Effects-

-Psychological symptoms like aggressiveness, euphoria, apathy, belligerence etc.

-Physical effects include dizziness, poor coordination, slurred speech, lethargy, tremor, etc.

-strong desire to use the inhalant.

-spending a lot of time obtaining using or recovering from the effects of an inhalant.

Treatment-

- Educational campaigns and the enactment of laws that make it illegal to sell certain inhalants to children under the age of 18 years.

-Clinicians must treat the seizures and heart stoppage caused by inhalant overdose.

- Cognitive behaviour therapy.

- Family therapy can be helpful for both those with a disorder and loved ones.

Answer 5-

Implications for therapeutic recreation in regards to substance- related disorders--

The therapeutic recreation seek to reduce stress which can trigger mood disorders like depression and anxiety caused by substance related diaorders.

By reducing an individual's stress, recreational therapy moderates neurotransmitter production in the brain which in turn reduce the risk of relapsing of the patient into substance abuse if they are going through addiction treatment.

Recreational therapies focus on the individual as a whole, with unique physical, emotional, cognitive, social, spiritual and environmental needs. Therapeutic recreation is often considered a holistic therapy and is applied with other kinds of behavioural therapy.