Question

In: Biology

5. Haak et al. (2015) found by admixture analysis of ancient and modern human DNAs that...

5. Haak et al. (2015) found by admixture analysis of ancient and modern human DNAs that a massive wave of genetic ancestry linked to the steppes of southern Russia first appeared in Europe in the late Neolithic. Moreover, this “Russian steppe” genetic component has remained significant in most European nationalities ever since. Describe more specifically what experiments they performed, how their admixture analyses were structured, and how their results were interpreted. What were the implications of these results for the spread of Indo-European languages across Europe?

Source: here --> Haak, W. et al. (2015) Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe. Nature 522, 207-211

Solutions

Expert Solution

They generated genome wide data. They collected the sample from modern European individuals and compare their DNA with the DNA of their ancestor who believed to live in the Europe in neolithic age by the help of genetic library. The study of ancient DNA focused on the genetic past to reveal the life style of the ancestor of the modern day Europeans. The study focused on how much originality remain same in the modern day European's DNA from the ancestor.

This experiment proves that there was a possibility of migration. As the cultural, environmental changes affect the DNA, mixed with DNA of one community with the different cultural community's DNA, the new DNA have the mixture characteristics. Their study shows massive migration occurred during the neolithic age from the Russian steppe.

At the beginning of neolithic age the individuals of eastern and western side of Europe showed the different lifestyle. The early farmers who were appeared in Germany, Spain different from the Hunter-gatherer population of Russian steppe. At the post neolithic age the eastern and western part of Europe mixed, the people from Germany traced ~75% of their ancestry common with the steppe which gives the concept of migration from Eastern part of Europe.

Some European languages like Germany, Italian etc and some middle east Asian language like hindi, Sanskrit, bengali, farsi etc have some common characteristics though the origin of these languages is debated. But these common features of these languages can be solved by the above theory of migration which results for the spread of Indo-European languages across Europe.

gladiator answered 2 years ago
Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

5. Tischkoff et al. (1996) chose to genotype the modern human CD4 gene, specifically in terms...
5. Tischkoff et al. (1996) chose to genotype the modern human CD4 gene, specifically in terms of the length of a short tandem repeat sequence (STR) in an intron, along with a closely-linked Alu element that was partially deleted in some individuals. Define these terms and explain how their genotyping was performed. Why was the rate of mutation in these particular genetic markers expected to be appropriate for studying recent events in human evolution? Why was natural selection expected to...
Pringle et al (2015) experimentally examined the effects of fire and herbivory by elephants on the...
Pringle et al (2015) experimentally examined the effects of fire and herbivory by elephants on the density of geckos that live in trees in Kenya, using 4 ha study plots. They excluded elephants from half of the plots and left the other half unfenced. Then they burned the vegetation in half of the plots and left the other half unburned (see sketch below). Each treatment was replicated once in three different areas used as blocks: Central, North and South. Four...
(Gilson, et al., 2015) posited that establishing trust, which is one of the major factors of...
(Gilson, et al., 2015) posited that establishing trust, which is one of the major factors of project success in virtual teams, is much more difficult to achieve. Concurrently, Katzenbach & Smith, (2004) suggests that placing team members physically together for roughly a week on project start-up will aid in building trust and cohesiveness. So are we arguing that the antidote to project failure due to impermanence of virtual teams is to build trust?
Allentoft et al. (2015) present evidence that characteristic European traits such as blue eye color, light...
Allentoft et al. (2015) present evidence that characteristic European traits such as blue eye color, light skin color, and lactase persistence were changing continuously from the Mesolithic through the end of the Bronze Age. Discuss the details of these experiments and their findings.Taking questions #4-7 together, does this suggest that Europeans belong to a single unified “race”, or to a culturally and genetically diverse mosaic formed by mixing multiple populations? Answer source from here : Allentoft, M. E. et al....
Create a 5-step modelling process based on the work of Lankhorst et al
Create a 5-step modelling process based on the work of Lankhorst et al
1) In (Kaleta et al) analysis in (In Silico Evidence for Gluconeogenesis from Fatty Acids in...
1) In (Kaleta et al) analysis in (In Silico Evidence for Gluconeogenesis from Fatty Acids in Humans), they identified acetone as an important intermediate in the conversion pathway from fatty acids to glucose. What is the source of acetone in the body and how is it generated under conditions of starvation? Please be specific and use diagrams if necessary. Hint: You do not need to show the complex pathways discussed in the paper. 2) List a limitation to the study...
Jachuck et al. (1982) report on an analysis of a certain drug designed to reduce hypertension...
Jachuck et al. (1982) report on an analysis of a certain drug designed to reduce hypertension (high blood pressure). Such hypotensive drugs are frequently effective but are also linked to side effects like irritability, a decline in energy, and a loss of sexual interest. Seventy-five patients with mild hypertension were put on hypotensive drugs and their progress was monitored by doctors and relatives (typically spouses). Suppose that everyone agrees that the quality weight for hypertension is q = 0.8. That...
Financial Accounting Theory and Analysis by Schroeder and et al- Chapter 1- The developmetn of Accounting...
Financial Accounting Theory and Analysis by Schroeder and et al- Chapter 1- The developmetn of Accounting Theory: 1.  Explain Accounting in the Untied States since 1930.
Problem 3: A linear regression by using famous data set found in Freedman et al. (1991)...
Problem 3: A linear regression by using famous data set found in Freedman et al. (1991) in Table 1: ‘Statistics’ refers to the percapita consumption of cigarettes in various countries in 1930 and the death rates (number of deaths per million people) from lung cancer for 1950. Table 1: Death rate data in in Freedman Obs Country Cigarette Deaths per million 1 Australia 480 180 2 Canada 500 150 3 Denmark 380 170 4 Finland 1100 350 5 GreatBritain 1100...
Problem 3: A linear regression by using famous data set found in Freedman et al. (1991)...
Problem 3: A linear regression by using famous data set found in Freedman et al. (1991) in Table 1: ‘Statistics’ refers to the percapita consumption of cigarettes in various countries in 1930 and the death rates (number of deaths per million people) from lung cancer for 1950. Table 1: Death rate data in in Freedman Obs Country Cigarette Deaths per million 1 Australia 480 180 2 Canada 500 150 3 Denmark 380 170 4 Finland 1100 350 5 GreatBritain 1100...
ADVERTISEMENT
Subjects
ADVERTISEMENT
Latest Questions
ADVERTISEMENT