Question

In: Statistics and Probability

The composition of the earth’s atmosphere may have changed over time. One attempt to discover the...

The composition of the earth’s atmosphere may have changed over time. One attempt to discover the nature of the atmosphere long ago studies the gas trapped in bubbles inside ancient amber. Amber is tree resin that has hardened and been trapped in rocks. The gas in bubbles within amber should be a sample of the atmosphere at the time the amber was formed. Measurement on specimens of amber from the late Cretaceous era (75 to 95 million years ago) gives these percents of nitrogen:

63.4

65.0

64.4

63.3

54.8

64.5

60.8

49.1

51.0

These values are quite different from the present 78.1% of nitrogen in the atmosphere today, but are these differences significant? Assume (this is not yet agreed on by experts) that these observations are an SRS from the Cretaceous atmosphere and the distribution of gas with an approximately normal distribution.

  1. Describe the population of interest & the parameter you want to draw conclusions about.

  1. Graph the data and comment on skewness and outliers. Can the t procedures be used in this situation?

  1. What is the critical t-value for a 95% confidence interval? What are the degrees of freedom that you used to find the t-value.

  1. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the mean percent of nitrogen in ancient age.

  1. Interpret this confidence interval.

Solutions

Expert Solution


Related Solutions

The composition of the earth’s atmosphere may have changed over time. One attempt to discover the...
The composition of the earth’s atmosphere may have changed over time. One attempt to discover the nature of the atmosphere long ago studies the gas trapped in bubbles inside ancient amber. Amber is tree resin that has hardened and been trapped in rocks. The gas in bubbles within amber should be a sample of the atmosphere at the time the amber was formed. Measurement on specimens of amber from the late Cretaceous era (75 to 95 million years ago) gives...
The composition of the earth's atmosphere may have changed over time. To try to discover the...
The composition of the earth's atmosphere may have changed over time. To try to discover the nature of the atmosphere long ago, we can examine the gas in bubbles inside ancient amber. Amber is tree resin that has hardened and been trapped in rocks. The gas in bubbles within amber should be a sample of the atmosphere at the time the amber was formed. Measurements on specimens of amber from the late Cretaceous era (75 to 95 million years ago)...
To try to determine whether the composition of the earth’s atmosphere has changed over time, scientists...
To try to determine whether the composition of the earth’s atmosphere has changed over time, scientists can examine the gas in bubbles trapped inside ancient amber.  (That’s the plot of Jurassic Park.) Assume that the following 9 measures are a random sample from the late Cretaceous era (75 to 95 million years ago). The data represent the percent of nitrogen in each sample. 63.4     65.0     64.4     63.3     54.8     64.5     60.8     49.1     51.0 You asked to conduct a hypothesis test to determine whether the mean is less than 61. 1....
Explain how living organisms have changed the atmosphere over Earth’s history.
Explain how living organisms have changed the atmosphere over Earth’s history.
4. The composition of the Earth’s atmosphere has changed in the past 200 years. What are/were...
4. The composition of the Earth’s atmosphere has changed in the past 200 years. What are/were the major changes in our atmospheric composition?
Describe the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere, including the variation with altitude of the temperature, pressure...
Describe the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere, including the variation with altitude of the temperature, pressure and density.
1. WhatarethedifferencesbetweenterrestrialandJovianplanetsintermsof: size, mass, orbits, and density/composition? 2. WhyistherelotsofhydrogenandheliumintheatmospheresoftheJovian planets, but not much in Earth’s atmosphere?...
1. WhatarethedifferencesbetweenterrestrialandJovianplanetsintermsof: size, mass, orbits, and density/composition? 2. WhyistherelotsofhydrogenandheliumintheatmospheresoftheJovian planets, but not much in Earth’s atmosphere? 3. Whataretheasteroidbelt,theKuiperbelt,andtheOortcloud?Whereare they found? How are the objects found in these three regions similar to or different from each other? 4)Describethreepropertiesofthesolarsystemthatarethoughttobearesult of how the solar system formed.
Describe how ice cores are used to establish the CO2 concentration in the earth’s atmosphere over...
Describe how ice cores are used to establish the CO2 concentration in the earth’s atmosphere over the last 800,000 years
True or false. Food pyramids have changed over time. Is it time to quit consuming dairy...
True or false. Food pyramids have changed over time. Is it time to quit consuming dairy products?
Many believe that jobs in the US have changed a great deal over time. In two...
Many believe that jobs in the US have changed a great deal over time. In two time periods (1989 and 1998) adults in the US were asked about their jobs on the General Social Survey. Respondents were asked how much they agree with the following statements: my income is high; my job is secure; my opportunities for advancement are high; my job is interesting; I can work independently. Higher numerical responses reflect greater agreement with each statement (1=strongly disagree, 2=disagree,...
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT