Normally, the flow of electrons to O2 is tightly linked to the production of ATP via...

Normally, the flow of electrons to O2 is tightly linked to the production of ATP via the electrochemical gradient. If ATP synthase is inhibited, for example, electrons do not flow down the electron-transport chain and respiration ceases. Since the 1940s, several substances— such as 2,4-dini-trophenol (DNP)—have been known to uncouple electron flow from ATP synthesis (see figure to the right). DNP dissipates the proton gradient by carrying H+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane through simple diffusion-mediated transport. DNP was once prescribed as a diet drug to aid in weight loss.
1. A) (3pt) How would an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation promote weight loss? (5 sentence max)
2. B) (2pt) Why do you suppose dinitrophenol is no longer prescribed? (5 sentence max)

Please be descriptive and go step by step so I can understand, thank you so much!

Expert Solution

gladiator answered 2 years ago

Explain how the electron transport chain is coupled to the production of ATP via ATP Synthase.

What is the number of ATP and ATP equivalents that can be produced via oxidative phosphorylation...

What is the number of ATP and ATP equivalents that can be produced via oxidative phosphorylation per cycle of the Citric Acid Cycle (CAC), starting from pyruvate? B) What is the number of ATP and ATP equivalents that can potentially be produced if Complex I of the Electron Transport System (ETS) is inhibited? C) If Complex II of the ETS is inhibited? D) If Complex III of the ETS is inhibited? E) If Complex IV of the ETS is inhibited?

Metal ions such as Mg2+ bind to ADP and Pi more tightly than to ATP. The...

Metal ions such as Mg2+ bind to ADP and Pi more tightly than to ATP. The effect of the presence of Mg2+ on the hydrolysis of ATP would be: To increase the ΔG°’ for hydrolysis To decrease the rate of hydrolysis and affect ΔG°’ To speed up the rate of hydrolysis but not affect ΔG°’ To decrease the rate of hydrolysis but not affect ΔG°’ To decrease the ΔG°’ for hydrolysis To speed up the rate of hydrolysis and affect...

Assume that the genes for tail length and fang length in Towson Tigers are tightly linked....

Assume that the genes for tail length and fang length in Towson Tigers are tightly linked. Further assume that long tails (L) are dominant to short tails (l) and that long fangs (F) are dominant to short fangs (f). Tigers from two true breeding strains, one with long tails and short fangs and the other with short tails and long fangs are crossed to produce an F1 generation, then those cubs are mated to produce an F2 generation A. What...

he ability to concentrate urine is tightly linked to the countercurrent system between nephron and blood...

he ability to concentrate urine is tightly linked to the countercurrent system between nephron and blood vessels in the medulla. What predictions can you make about the concentration gradient if the system were concurrent? Please explain why you make these predictions

Fatigue O2 saturation of 92% 3 L of O2 via nasal cannula Frequent oral and vaginal...

Fatigue O2 saturation of 92% 3 L of O2 via nasal cannula Frequent oral and vaginal candidiasis CD4 + t cell count of 185 cell/uL (low) Hematocrit of 30% Positive HIV antibody test Refused ART because “We couldn't afford it”. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) AIDS Seen by her health care provider 6 years ago Two children ages 8 and 10, never tested for HIV infection Sternum pain and difficulty swallowing Esophageal candidiasis Married to a former IV drug user Viral...

Discuss the flow of electrons in the non-cyclic pathway.

Predict how an inhibitor of ATP/ADP translocase would affect O2 consumption

Light striking a metal surface causes electrons to be emitted from the metal via the...

Light striking a metal surface causes electrons to be emitted from the metal via the photoelectric effect.In another experiment, the intensity of the incident light and the temperature of the metal are held constant. Assuming that the initial light incident on the metalsurface causes electrons to be ejected from the metal, what happens if the frequency of the incident light is increased?Check all that apply.The work function of the metal increases.The number of electrons emitted from the metal per second...

Discuss the production of ATP and its use in the body

Question