Question

1. Consider the process of transformation. Describe the process in terms of the cell that donates the genetic material and the cell that receives it. For full credit, include and define any key vocabulary words needed to understand the process.

Answer 1

Transformation is the process of free gene transfer from sorrounding genetic material through the cell membrane.It is the process to produce multipe copies of recombinant DNA.

For transformation the cell must be in state of competance and here tranfer of genetic material occur between receiver and donner in direct contact.Here first donor DNA fragment bind to the proteins on cell surface of acceptor.After that it transfer into host cell and become single standard.Next to it after successful transformation recovery of rDNA occur.

The step involve during transformation 1) competent cell preparation 2) Transformation of cell 3) Cell recovery 4) Cell plating

Competent cell preparation

competent cell are prepared by incubating the cell in calcium chloride(CaCl2) to make more permiable for uptake of free DNA.Here chemically mean via heat shock or electroporation.

Transformation of cell

It done by either chemical transformation or electroporation of electrocompetent cell.

Cell recovery

After transformation of cell, these cell are cultured in antibiotic free liquid medium for short period to allow expression of antibiotic resistance gene.This step help the cell visibility and cloning efficiency.

Cell plating

Here cell are plated on LB ager with appropiate antibiotics or other agent for identification .Here rDNA recovery of successful transformation occur.