In: Biology
describe the basic concept of biological evolution and apply it to examples (for instance, how giraffes could have evolved a long neck)
The basic concept of biological evolution is -
Evolution occurs by continuously change in allelic frequency. Genetic change is population marks the basis of evolution. This could happen due to many factors-
• Mutation
• Natural selection
Natural selection is the process by which nature select the superior species, reproductively fit species. Weaker species are eliminated during the time course. This process causes change in the frequency of genes over certian time periods. Due to this organisms evolve themselves during natural stress or calamity.
Mutation is the sudden change in the genetic conditions of the organism. This change is necessary for evolving or forming new species.
Examples- How giraffe has evolved ?
The giraffes earlier had shorter necks due to trees present in that time have leaves till the point where they can reach. As the evolution occured in the course of time, plants changed as well as rhe conditions. The gene responsible for neck length in giraffe also evolved during time and they started to have progeny with long necks. Nature has selected the giraffes with long necks over time and eliminated the one with shorter necks.
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