In: Nursing
all about pregnancy process, examination and assessment in podcast form paper
* Pregnancy = Presence of live products of conception inside the uterine cavity is called as pregnancy.
Pregnancy occurs when a sperm fertilizes an egg after it's released from the ovary during ovulation. The fertilized egg travels down into the uterine cavity, where implantation occurs. A successful implantation create pregnancy.
* Examination and assessment for pregnancy =
Diagnosis of pregnancy in 1st trimester =
Sign and Symptoms =
* Amenorrhoea.
* Breast discomfort ( Pricking sensation )
* Nausea and vomiting ( Morning sickness )
* Fatigue.
* Frequency of micturation.
Sign seen in 1st trimester =
Chadwicks sign = Bluish discoloration of genital organ due to congestion of uterine and vaginal blood vessels.
Goodles sign = Softening of the cervix due to increase proogesteron.
Osainder sign = Increased pulsation felt through the lateral fornix due to increase blood supply.
Hegar sign = Bimanual examination - To check the softening of lower uterine segment or isthmus.
Piskacek's sign = Unilateral one half of the uterus is frimer then the other half.
Palmer sign = Bimanual examination uterine contraction are noted .
Mittelschmerg Phenomenon = Unilateral lower abdominal pain seen at the mid of menstrual cycle that is at the time of ovulation.
Hartman sign = Nidation bleeding and implantation - per vaginal bleeding in slight amount 6-12 days of fertilization.
Uterus shape = Non pregnent = Pyriform
At 12 weeks - Globular shape.
Biochemical test = Detection of Beta Hcg
sample - Urine and blood.
* USG ( Ultrasonography) - Transvaginal sonography - 1st Trimester - Can detect the pregnency better and earlier.
* By the end of 10th week - Fetal heart sound auscultate using dopler.
* Diagnosis of pregnancy in 2nd trimester =
- Amenorrhoea
- Quickening - The 1st fetal movement felt by the mother
Quickening felt - Gravida = 18-20 weeks ( Primigravida )
Multigravida = 16-18 weeks .
* Diagnosis of pregnency in 3rd trimester =
sign and symptoms = - Amenorrhoea.
- Lightening = welcome sign of labor. - 36 Weeks
Vaccination during pregnency = Live vaccines are contrindicated during pregnency except yellow fever.
Killed vaccine and toxoid are given.
Air travelling are contraindicated during pregnency specially after 36 weeks