Question

You just ate a huge Brownie Delight from Diary Castle. Instead of working out like you had planned,
you end up sitting on the couch watching House of Cards and Agents of Shield. In your liver, what is
going to happen to the fat pathways? How does this affect the citric acid cycle? How does this
ultimately affect oxidative phosphorylation? What happens to your amino acid pathways?

Answer 1

After eating browine or eating anything, as it digested and absorbed from the intestine. There is rise in blood glucose level seen . This stimulate release of insulin from the pancrease. This elevated insulin , stimulate all the pathway ahi help in clear high amount of blood glucose in short time.

Insulin -- stimulate glycolysis as well TCA cycle by activating their regulatory enzyme. Thus it increase the formation of reducing equivalents NADH AND FADH2. these NADH and FADH2 enter in to ETC ,where by the process of oxidative phosphorylation it will synthesize ATP.

It also stimulate- glycogensis which help in store excess glucose in liver. , it also stimulate HMP pathway which provide NADH that will be later used for synthesis of fatty acids.

In Fat metabolism,

--there will be increased rate of fatty acid synthesis will be observed in response to elevated insulin.as insulin activate acetyl co A carboxylase and fatty acid synthase complex. Also there is increased supply of NADH and acetyl CoA by carbohydrate metabolism which further supports synthesis of fatty acid.

-- it inhabits ketone body's formation and glycolysis.

Effect on amino acid pathway - insulin stimulate intake of amino acids from the cell and stimulate parabolic process in the body.