Question

do a presentation on the growth and development of each age group, discussing the following major developmental task according to Erikson.
Summarize the accepted norms in
• Physical
• Psychosocial
• Motor and language
• cognitive growth and development.

Answer 1

There are mainly 7 stages of development in human life. They are infancy, toddler. preschooler, young adolescent, adolescent, young adulthood, middle adulthood, old age.

Before, the infancy newborn stage is there,which is a period from which a baby is born to 28 days.During this period they mainly have the reflexes.like rooting reflex,sucking, swallowing reflex, gagging reflex,extrusion reflex etc. Here, they need love and affection, human contact, sensory stimulation, breast feeding, maintaing body temperature,hygienic needs, prevention of injury, infection,provision of optimal nutrition,and finally watch for any danger signs.

Infancy;

It is 1 month to 12 months;

The growth of infants includes;1st month; social smile,2nd month;voaclisation, 3rd month; head control.4th month; hand control, 5th month;turns over, 6th month;sits alone. 7th month; crawls, 8th month;creeping, 9th month;stands with support, 10th month; walks with support, 11th month:stands alone,12th month; walks alone.

The physical development includes;sensory development, motor development,fine motor skills, gross motor skills etc.

In the physical development, infants learn about the world by interacting with it through their senses. They actively take informations through the senses.This is is the sensory development.In the motor development, infants need to learn how to move and use their bodies to perform various tasks.They build new tasks on the top of old skills.Gross motor skills includes;they learn to interact with the environment and their bodies grow stronger and mature.In fine motor skills babies learn to how to use their hands and how to coordinate smaller movements with their senses.Here also, thye learn one skill on the top of other skills. Language devlopment occurs by learning or taking in information through thier senses of hearing and sight as they learn to process the meanings behind those sounds and sights.By age 3 or 4 they start to make small sounds.

psychosocial;Trust Vs Mistrust;Here the little ones totally depends on you as they feel that we are those who can be trusted.They feel secure and safe. whatever they feel as trusteed will be trust by them and those which are mistrust are mistrutsed by them.

Cogntive development; while they lear about the new environment they make new connections and pathways bewteen nerve cells.They interact through refelxive behaviours.