Question

53.Role of atrial natriuretic peptide and vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone) in the

regulation of blood pressure.

-biochemistry

(please more explanatıonIm medicine student) thank you...

Answer 1

The atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) lowers blood pressure as a vasodilator. It is released by cells in the cardiac atria in response to high blood pressure. The main function of ANP is causing a reduction in expanded extracellular fluid (ECF) volume, which causes effects like improved cardiac ejection fraction and decreased blood pressure. ANP affects salt release and prevents sodium reabsorption by the renal tubules. As water passively follows salt to maintain osmotic balance, it also has a diuretic effect in lowering blood pressure. Its actions suppress the actions of aldosterone, ADH, and renin. In general, Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) functions to reduce plasma volume by at least 3 mechanisms such as increased renal excretion of salt and water, vasodilation, and increased vascular permeability.

Anti-diuretic hormone is made by special nerve cells in hypothalamus and it helps the body conserve water when body fluid volume, especially that of blood, is low. ADH acts as a vasoconstrictor and increases blood pressure during dehydration, higher concentration of salts in the bloodstream or a haemorrhage. Anti-diuretic hormone helps to control blood pressure, by inserting Aquaporins in the collecting ducts and promotes reabsorption of water. A decrease in blood volume or low blood pressure is detected by osmotic sensors and baroreceptors in the heart and large blood vessels. These stimulate anti-diuretic hormone release. Thus, more water is reabsorbed to the bloodstream, urine concentration rises, and water loss is reduced. Higher concentrations of anti-diuretic hormone cause blood vessels to constrict and this increases blood pressure.