Question

2) Why are diet and lack of exercise specific risk factors for elevated triglycerides but not total cholesterol?

58) How is self-administration both an advantage and disadvantage of oral drug delivery?

96) Describe the process by which alcohol consumption can affect triglyceride levels.

91) Tim is a typeII diabetic and a mountain climber. He checks his blood glucose levels at 14,000 feet. It reads at 180 mg/dL. How high could Tim’s glucose actually be?

Answer 1

Lifestyle changes such as lack of exercise and poor diet affect triglycerides level.  Triglycerides are one of the types of fats (lipids) transported in the bloodstream. Most of the body's fat is also stored in the tissues as triglycerides. Triglyceride blood levels are commonly measured along with other lipid levels, such as cholesterol. If triglycerides increased indicate more fat accumulation on blood stream . If doing exercise and diet modification could reduce it. But total cholesterol includes LDL, HDL, cholesterol etc.  

58. Advantages of self administration of oral drugs -

* Easy
• Preferred by patients

* No need assistance

* More accurate
• “Slow-release” preparations may be available to extend duration of action
• Drugs can be formulated in such a way as to protect them from digestive enzymes, acids etc.

Disadvantages -  

Unsuitable in patients who are uncooperative, strictly “nil by
mouth”, are vomiting profusely or have ileus

* it is not working in many illiterate, severely I'll and bed ridden patients.
• Most orally administered drugs are absorbed slowly

* chances of change of medicine
• Unpredictable absorption due to degradation by stomach acid and enzymes

* Use of drugs to illegal uses such as suicides

* May counteract with other medicines.

96. Drinking alcohol -- even in small amounts -- can increase triglyceride levels. Alcohol can boost your calorie intake, and any excess calories that aren't immediately used for energy are converted to triglycerides.

Drinking alcohol can also hike your consumption of other foods and drinks that increase triglycerides. For example, people who drink a lot of alcohol are more likely to eat lots of fatty foods. And fruit juices or soft drinks mixed with alcohol are high in sugar and calories.

91. Altitude cause hike in blood sugar due to the release of stress hormones .