Question

Please change this code to follow the rules.

The program must not use global variables. In another words, it must use local variables and pass-by-value or pass-by-reference parameters.

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

struct expense

{

string Desc;

double exp;

};

expense arr[100];

int c = 0;

void menu();

//1. show all

void showArray(){

if (c>0){

for(int i=0;i<c;i++){

cout<<"AMOUNT("<<arr[i].exp<<") DESC"<<arr[i].Desc<<")"<<endl;

}

}else{

cout<<"There is no expense entry available";

}

menu();

}

//2. spend

void addArray(){

string desc;

double exp;

cout<<"Please enter the description for the expense: ";

cin>>desc;

cout<<"Please enter the amount: ";

cin>>exp;

if(desc!="" && exp>0){

c++;

arr[c]= {desc,exp};

}else{

cout<<"Please Enter valid entries";

addArray();

}

menu();

}

//3. search expenses containing this string

void searchDesc(){

string s1;

cout<<"Please enter the search string:";

cin>>s1;

transform(s1.begin(),s1.end(),s1.begin(),::tolower);

for(int k=0;k<c;k++){

string s2 = arr[k].Desc;

transform(s2.begin(),s2.end(),s2.begin(),::tolower);

int x = s1.length();

int y = s2.length();

for(int i=0;i<=y-x;i++){

int j;

for(j=0;j<x;j++){

if(s2[i+j] != s1[j]){

break;

}

}

if(j==x){

cout<<"AMOUNT("<<arr[k].exp<<") DESC"<<arr[k].Desc<<")"<<endl;

}

}

}

menu();

}

//4. search expenses with greater than or equal to this amount

void searchExp(){

double exp1;

cout<<"Please enter the amount:";

cin>>exp1;

for(int i=0; i<c; i++){

if(exp1<=arr[i].exp){

cout<<"AMOUNT("<<arr[i].exp<<") DESC"<<arr[i].Desc<<")"<<endl;

}

}

menu();

}

//Menu

void menu()

{

cout << "Expense Tracking Menu:" << endl;

cout << "1. show all" << endl;

cout << "2. spend" << endl;

cout << "3. search expenses containing this string" << endl;

cout << "4. search expenses with greater than or equal to this amount" << endl;

cout << "5. exit" << endl;

int input;

cout << "Enter your option:";

cin >> input;

switch (input)

{

case 1:

showArray();

break;

case 2:

addArray();

break;

case 3:

searchDesc();

break;

case 4:

searchExp();

break;

case 5:

return;

default:

cout<<"Enter Vailid Option"<<endl;

menu();

}

}

int main()

{

cout<<"Welcome to my expense tracker.";

menu();

return 0;

}

Answer 1

The changed code containing no global variable and parameters passed by call by value method is given below.

Code :

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

struct expense

{

string Desc;

double exp;

};

void menu(struct expense *arr,int c);

//1. show all

void showArray(struct expense *arr,int c){
  

if (c>0){

for(int i=0;i<c;i++){

cout<<"AMOUNT("<<arr[i].exp<<") DESC"<<arr[i].Desc<<")"<<endl;

}

}else{

cout<<"There is no expense entry available";

}

menu(arr,c);

}

//2. spend

void addArray(struct expense *arr,int c){
  

string desc;

double exp;

cout<<"Please enter the description for the expense: ";

cin>>desc;

cout<<"Please enter the amount: ";

cin>>exp;

if(desc!="" && exp>0){

c++;

arr[c]= {desc,exp};

}else{

cout<<"Please Enter valid entries";

addArray(arr,c);

}

menu(arr,c);

}

//3. search expenses containing this string

void searchDesc(struct expense *arr,int c){
  

string s1;

cout<<"Please enter the search string:";

cin>>s1;

transform(s1.begin(),s1.end(),s1.begin(),::tolower);

for(int k=0;k<c;k++){

string s2 = arr[k].Desc;

transform(s2.begin(),s2.end(),s2.begin(),::tolower);

int x = s1.length();

int y = s2.length();

for(int i=0;i<=y-x;i++){

int j;

for(j=0;j<x;j++){

if(s2[i+j] != s1[j]){

break;

}

}

if(j==x){

cout<<"AMOUNT("<<arr[k].exp<<") DESC"<<arr[k].Desc<<")"<<endl;

}

}

}

menu(arr,c);

}

//4. search expenses with greater than or equal to this amount

void searchExp(struct expense *arr,int c){
  

double exp1;

cout<<"Please enter the amount:";

cin>>exp1;

for(int i=0; i<c; i++){

if(exp1<=arr[i].exp){

cout<<"AMOUNT("<<arr[i].exp<<") DESC"<<arr[i].Desc<<")"<<endl;

}

}

menu(arr,c);

}

//Menu

void menu(struct expense *arr,int c)

{

cout << "Expense Tracking Menu:" << endl;

cout << "1. show all" << endl;

cout << "2. spend" << endl;

cout << "3. search expenses containing this string" << endl;

cout << "4. search expenses with greater than or equal to this amount" << endl;

cout << "5. exit" << endl;

int input;

cout << "Enter your option:";

cin >> input;

switch (input)

{

case 1:

showArray(arr,c);

break;

case 2:

addArray(arr,c);

break;

case 3:

searchDesc(arr,c);

break;

case 4:

searchExp(arr,c);

break;

case 5:

return;

default:

cout<<"Enter Vailid Option"<<endl;

menu(arr,c);

}

}

int main()

{

int c = 0;

expense arr[100];

cout<<"Welcome to my expense tracker.";

menu(arr,c);

return 0;

}

Note : In function definitions where you are declaring array as parameter, you can also use struct expense arr[100] in place of struct expense *arr as both the syntax are correct.

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