1) Examine and describe the concept of a galaxy. 2) How are the various types of...

1) Examine and describe the concept of a galaxy.

2) How are the various types of galaxies similar and different?

3) Explain what a cosmic redshift is and how this provides evidence for the Big Bang Theory of the Universe?

Expert Solution

(1) GALAXY :-galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, dust,dark matter and gas rotating around super massive black holes.

TYPES OF GALAXY:-
-Spiral galaxy
-elliptical galaxy
-irregular galaxy

(2) DIFFERENT TYPES OF GALAXY:-
(a) SPIRAL GALAXY:-
- It have 3 main components-
bulge - in the center of the galaxy.
disk- made up bydust, gas.
halo -spherical structure located around
the bulge and contains old
clusters of stars.

(b) ELLIPTICAL GALAXY:-
-It is recognized by elongated spherical shape and their lack of nucleus in the centre.
- Stars, gases and other materials are spread throughout the elliptical galaxy.

(c) IRREGULAR GALAXY:-
-These have no regular structure.
-These are divided into two groups-
Irr I- have HII regions, which are regions of elemental hydrogen gas.
Irr II -have dust that block most of the light from the stars.

(3) COSMIC REDSHIFT:-
-it literally means that the wavelength of the light is stretched, so the light is seen as 'shifted' towards the red part of the spectrum.
-it is evidence of the universe is expanding.
-Light travels to Earth from other galaxies. As the light from that galaxy gets closer to Earth, the distance between Earth and the galaxy increases, which causes the wavelength of that light to get longer.

Nightingale answered 2 years ago

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