Question

1) Mrs. anderson appeared at the clinic complaining of extreme nervousness and sweating, saying that she could feel and hear her heart thumping when she tried to sleep at night. She was found to have a severely elevated and fluctuating blood pressure. Although laboratory testing revealed hyperglycemia and increased basal metabolic rate, tests of thyroid function were normal. What is your diagnosis? What treatment should be used?

2) Mr. Barnes makes an appointment to see his doctor for pain in his abdominal area. Tests and X rays reveal kidney stones as well as bones with a moth-eaten appearance. Physical exam reveals hyporeflexia and hypotonis (weakness). What is the problem and what treatment would be recommended?

3) It was often rumored that one of our deceased presidents was suffering from Addison's disease (inadequate synthesis of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids). What symptoms may have led to the diagnosis of this condition?

4) Following workup for symptoms of decreased libido and erectile dysfunction, a patient is told that his pituitary is hypersecreting prolactin. Is there need for concern about this young man?

5) The parents of a 17-year-old boy are concerned about his height because he is only 5 feet tall and they are both close to 6 feet tall. After tests by their doctor, a certain hormone is prescribed for the boy. What is the probable diagnosis, and what hormone was prescribed? Why might the child still expect to reach his growth potential?

6) Jon is a 26-year-old man who begins to notice a progressive enlargement of feet, hands, cranium, nose, and lower jaw bone. His doctor recommends a pituitary gland operation. What is the most likely diagnosis? Why?

7) Explain how anti-diuretic hormone can help regulate an abnormal increase in solute concentration in the extracellular fluid.

8) What is the most important nursing intervention when caring for a patient with Cushing's syndrome?

9) A 25-year-old male was admitted to the medical/surgical unit with a blood glucose of 600 mg/dl. On assessment, the nurse observed his breathing was deep and rapid, and his breath smelled of acetone. His face was flushed and his skin was dry. His pH was low. Describe the physiological response that is occurring.

10) Anthony is a diabetic. While at work, he began to tremble, was somewhat disoriented, and showed signs similar to that of a drunk. One of his colleagues gave him some hard candy, which seemed to help him return to normal functions. Why? Was this a proper action, considering that Thomas is diabetic?

Answer 1

1) Mrs. anderson appeared at the clinic complaining of extreme nervousness and sweating, saying that she could feel and hear her heart thumping when she tried to sleep at night. She was found to have a severely elevated and fluctuating blood pressure. Although laboratory testing revealed hyperglycemia and increased basal metabolic rate, tests of thyroid function were normal. What is your diagnosis? What treatment should be used?

The diagnosis is hypersecretion of catecholamines, arising from a rare chromaffin cell tumor called a
pheochromocytoma. Surgical Treatment of removal of the tumor and/or irradiation of the adrenal medulla is nessecary.

2) Mr. Barnes makes an appointment to see his doctor for pain in his abdominal area. Tests and X rays reveal kidney stones as well as bones with a moth-eaten appearance. Physical assesment reveals hyporeflexia and hypotonis (weakness). What is the problem and what treatment would be recommended?

The problem is hyperparathyroidism mostly resulting from a parathyroid gland tumor. Treatment will be aiming on the removal of tumor.

3) It was often rumored that one of our deceased presidents was suffering from Addison's disease (inadequate synthesis of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids). What symptoms may have led to the diagnosis of this condition?

Hypoglycemia, hyperpigmentation, weight loss,Fatigue,Nausea ,diarrhea low sodium levels, high potassium levels,hypotension, dehydration will lead to the diagnosis.

4) Following workup for symptoms of decreased libido and erectile dysfunction, a patient is told that his pituitary is hypersecreting prolactin. Is there need for concern about this young man?

Yes,it wouldd be great concern, because hypersecretion of prolactin can lead to impotence.

5) The parents of a 17-year-old boy are concerned about his height because he is only 5 feet tall and they are both close to 6 feet tall. After tests by their doctor, a certain hormone is prescribed for the boy. What is the probable diagnosis, and what hormone was prescribed? Why might the child still expect to reach his growth potential?

The diagnosis is insufficient growth hormone. The prescription is commercial pituitary growth hormone. The  child might reach his growth potential because his epiphyseal plates of the long bones have not yet closed, this allows the supplementationof hormones to provide additional growth of the long bones.

6) Jon is a 26-year-old man who begins to notice a progressive enlargement of feet, hands, cranium, nose, and lower jaw bone. His doctor recommends a pituitary gland operation. What is the most likely diagnosis? Why?

7) Explain how anti-diuretic hormone can help regulate an abnormal increase in solute concentration in the extracellular fluid.

Antidiuretic hormone cause an increase in solute concentration by causing increased reabsorption of water by the kidney. thus, blood water volume increases, decreasing solute concentration.

8) What is the most important nursing intervention when caring for a patient with Cushing's syndrome?

Nurse should focus of prevention of infections as because of the enchanced antiinflmatory effects associated with the illness.

9) A 25-year-old male was admitted to the medical/surgical unit with a blood glucose of 600 mg/dl. On assessment, the nurse observed his breathing was deep and rapid, and his breath smelled of acetone. His face was flushed and his skin was dry. His pH was low. Describe the physiological response that is occurring.

In severe Diabetes mellitus, fatty acids in the body rise dramatically. The fatty acid metabolites, collectively called ketones, are strong organic acids. When they accumulate , the blood pH drops, resulting in ketoacidosis, and ketones started eliminating into the urine. The nervous system responds to ketoacidosis by initiating rapid deep breathing to blow off carbon dioxide from the blood and increase pH.

10) Anthony is a diabetic. While at work, he began to tremble, was somewhat disoriented, and showed signs similar to that of a drunk. One of his colleagues gave him some hard candy, which seemed to help him return to normal functions. Why? Was this a proper action, considering that Thomas is diabetic?

Anthony was suffering from hypoglycemic symptoms. The candy raised his blood sugar back up to a normal level. it was a proper emergency action to treat his hypoglycemia..since anthony is diabetic it will be better to have some glucose added tablets or candys in treating hypoglycemia as the normal hard candys contains fatts it might take time for conversion into sugar than direct glucose form.