Question

37) Various life processes indicate that human beings are alive. Elaborate the following life processes in your own words (in 30-50 words each). 37.1) Organisation: 37.2) Processes of metabolism: 37.3) Nutrition: 37.4) Biological maturation: 37.5) Inheritance: 37.6) Ageing:

Answer 1

ORGANISATION: Human body comprises of five levels of organisation . Cells,Tissues,Organs,Organsystems and Organism. Each level has its own job.

• Cells are the building blocks of life forming the first level of organisation.There are about trillions of cells in body. Eg. stem cells, nerve cells, blood cells.
• Tissues are formed by group of similar cells. Tissues act together to perform specific function. Eg. skeletal ,blood, connective, nervous tissues
• Group of two or more tissues unite to perform a specific function forming an organ. Eg. brain, heart
• Organsystems are formed by group of organs . There are about 11 organ systems in the body . Eg. Heart and blood vessels form cardiovascular system.
• All organ systems work together to keep the body functioning and carry out the life process in an organism.

Process of metabolism:

• Metabolism is the chemical reaction occuring within each cell in an organism
• Catabolism and anabolism are two processes in metabolism
• Energy is synthesized which is essential for a living cell using metabolism

Nutrition:

• Nutrition is intake of nutrients and food needed to produce energy for the living organisms
• Nutrition is essential for the growth and development of an organism

Biological maturation:

• The tissues, organs and organ systems attains maturity at different rates in different periods of growth and development of an organism .

Inheritance:

• It is the process of passing genetic characteristics from parents to offspring.