Question

In: Nursing

Seventeen-year-old Suzy sniffed deeply as Cory, the nurse, administered the flu vaccine. “You're our first patient...

Seventeen-year-old Suzy sniffed deeply as Cory, the nurse, administered the flu vaccine. “You're our first patient vaccinated against the swine flu this season,” commented Cory.

1.  How is the vaccine administered? Using your knowledge of anatomy, what is the first lymphoid tissue to encounter and react to the vaccine?

2. INVESTIGATE: The swine flu virus is formally designated as the H1N1 influenza virus. What do the H and the N stand for and what role do they play in influenza morbidity? What year did this virus cause worldwide morbidity and how many people died?

“The first!” Suzy exclaimed.

Dr. Winerman reserved four vaccines for his pediatric type 1 diabetic patients with the county health department. “Because of limited vaccine quantities, you're entitled to priority immunization because you're immune compromised,” explained Cory.

“What do you mean, immune compromised? My pancreas may not be in great shape, but my immune system is just fine,” Suzy responded.

“That's not what medical studies report,” Dr. Winerman said, entering the room. “Let's see how diabetes and immunology connect while I finish up your exam,” Dr. Winerman said.

As Dr. Winerman examined Suzy, he asked lots of questions.

“What do you know about the benefits of inflammation?” he queried.

“I know the heat, redness, and swelling make me feel uncomfortable, but they indicate that neutrophils are phagocytizing invading microbes,” Suzy responded.

“That's right but not necessarily the case for diabetics. Hyperglycemia between 150 and 200 mg/dl impairs neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytic activity, and intracellular killing. Have you been over 150 mg/dl this week?” Dr. Winerman asked. Suzy nodded yes.

3.  REVIEW: What are neutrophils and how do they act against pathogens? Based on the doctor's statement, how are inflammatory responses affected in diabetics?

“This level of hyperglycemia also increases lymphocyte apoptosis, suppresses C3 activation, and reduces antibody production after pathogen exposure. What do you think, can diabetes have a negative impact on immune function?” he continued.

“I had no idea that hyperglycemia could cause this much trouble with my immune system. What else should I know?” Suzy asked.

“What are opportunistic pathogens?”

“I know they are microorganisms that are not usually pathogenic. They only cause infections when the immune system isn't functioning well … like while you're weakened from fighting an earlier infection. I bet they are also more likely to cause an infection in a diabetic since our immune system can be impaired by hyperglycemia,” Suzy responded.

“Absolutely,” Dr. Winerman said. “I want you vaccinated against the swine flu so you don't get this infection. But, think about what might happen if you weren't vaccinated and came down with the flu …”

Suzy responded, “I would really be at risk of getting an opportunistic infection. My immune system would be doubly compromised from fighting the flu and being diabetic.”

4.INVESTIGATE: Identify two opportunistic pathogens. What infections do they cause?

5. REVIEW: Identify two other immune compromised patient cohorts.

6.If you directed the county health department during an influenza outbreak, how you would prioritize immunization of the following personnel groups: geriatric patients, immune-compromised patients, health care providers, police/fire/emergency medical technicians, adults, and children?

Please help me answer quesitons 1-6,thank you

Solutions

Expert Solution

Step1:- The vaccine is administered by the -

  • Oral route:- administration by the mouth
  • Subcutaneous route :- which is administered beneath the skin.

According to the anatomy the vaccine is work as upper respiratory tract .

The first lymphoid tissue is encounter and react with pathogens .

It includes drain in the lymph and nasal pathway.

Step:- The influnza virus is H1N1 which stands for hemagglutinin and neuraminidase.

They performs as strains including H1N1.

Step3:- The types of neutrophils are white blood cells,granulocyte,,and phagocyte.Neutrophills act against killing bacteria it react sa destruction of pathogen.

Neutrophils also have an exert antibacterial activity through neutrophils.

Step:- the two opportunistic pathogens are candida albicans and staphylococcus aureus.

They infect the whole body and make weakness in the immune system .they disrupt the penetrate injury in the body.

Step5:-the other two immune compromise patient cohorts are infection and HIV infection.

Step 6:- Due to the influenza outbreak will prioritize the immune by providing an better health care services to patient. Proper vaccination should be given in time . Health care provider must alert during the outbreak.


Related Solutions

The first patient the nurse sees is a 37-year-old landscaper who is brought to the ED...
The first patient the nurse sees is a 37-year-old landscaper who is brought to the ED after collapsing on a job at the local country club. He is slightly confused but is able to state that he feels dizzy and weak. His skin is flushed, dry, and with poor turgor. He has dry, sticky mucous membranes. The preceptor identifies a nursing diagnosis of deficient fluid volume.The ED provider orders IV fluids for this patient. The preceptor initiates an IV site...
you're a patient is a 48-year-old female with a history of breast cancer at the outpatient...
you're a patient is a 48-year-old female with a history of breast cancer at the outpatient chemotherapy clinic she was found to have a fever of 104 and the nurse noted redness around her PICC line. chemotherapy was held and she was admitted to the oncology unit. 1.what are your primary concerns for this patient and what assessments and interventions would be associated with your concerns and why?
A 68-year-old male patient is having a yearly checkup. It is flu season and the physician...
A 68-year-old male patient is having a yearly checkup. It is flu season and the physician recommends that the patient receive a flu shot. When the physician leaves the room, the patient tells the nurse that he doesn’t want to get the shot because he has heard it will give him the flu. How should the nurse respond? Please answer this question using no less than 250 words.
you're a patient is a 48-year-old female brought to the emergency department for stroke like symptoms...
you're a patient is a 48-year-old female brought to the emergency department for stroke like symptoms what are your primary concerns for this patient and what assessment and interventions will be associated with your concerns and why
A nurse is caring for an 80-year-old patient who was admitted to the hospital with a...
A nurse is caring for an 80-year-old patient who was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of dehydration. The patient stated he had been vomiting for 2 days and had been unable to take food or fluids. He has been healthy and currently takes only a diuretic for his blood pressure. On physical examination, the nurse notes that the patient’s skin is dry with decreased turgor, oral mucous membranes are dry, heart rate is 100, and blood pressure is...
The nurse is admitting a 68-year-old patient with a history of ovarian cancer to the medical...
The nurse is admitting a 68-year-old patient with a history of ovarian cancer to the medical unit. She had surgery 3 months ago and has had pain ever since the surgery. She reports that she has been taking oxycodone at home, but that the pain is “never gone.” 1. The patient describes her pain as a “10” on a scale of 0 to 10, deep, occasionally cramping, and sharp or stabbing. She waves her hand over her chest and abdomen...
The nurse is admitting a 68-year-old patient with a history of ovarian cancer to the medical...
The nurse is admitting a 68-year-old patient with a history of ovarian cancer to the medical unit. She had surgery 2 months ago and has had pain ever since the surgery. She reports that she has been taking oxycodone at home, but that the pain is “never gone” 4-During the evening rounds, the patient is founded to be unresponsive with respiratory rate of 7 breath/min. Her son, who was staying with her, said that he “pushed the button a few...
The nurse is admitting a 68-year-old patient with a history of ovarian cancer to the medical...
The nurse is admitting a 68-year-old patient with a history of ovarian cancer to the medical unit. She had surgery 2 months ago and has had pain ever since the surgery. She reports that she has been taking oxycodone at home, but that the pain is “never gone” After consideration of her history and her pain management specialist recommends patient-controlled analgesia (PCA); the PCA therapy is explained and an infusion is started with morphine as a basal infusion as well...
The nurse is admitting a 68-year-old patient with a history of ovarian cancer to the medical...
The nurse is admitting a 68-year-old patient with a history of ovarian cancer to the medical unit. She had surgery 2 months ago and has had pain ever since the surgery. She reports that she has been taking oxycodone at home, but that the pain is “never gone” 1-The patient describes her pain as a 10 on a scale of 0-10, deep, occasionally cramping, and sharp or stabbing. She waves her hand over her chest and abdomen when asked to...
3. A 35-year-old patient, diagnosed with schizophrenia, refuses to eat. The patient tells the nurse: “I...
3. A 35-year-old patient, diagnosed with schizophrenia, refuses to eat. The patient tells the nurse: “I am being poisoned.” According to Erikson’s theory, in what developmental stage would you place the patient? a. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt b. Intimacy vs. isolation c. Generativity vs. self-absorption d. Trust vs. mistrust 4. The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. According to Mahler’s theory of object relations, which describes the client’s unmet developmental need? a. The need...
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT