Question

how does a cold defend us against viruses?

Answer 1

ANS- Defense against the common cold virus with cold temperature

Research reveals that the body defense mechanism called the Innate immunity system to have the ability to alter the mechanisms during cold temperatures around 37 degrees Celsius and helps the body to fight against the cold viruses(rhinovirus).

• Nose inner lining is formed from the epithelial cells that's why known as airways epithelial cells. It is the main target for rhinovirus to attack where they inserted in these cells get replicates in them and form multiple copies inside it and ultimately become a reason for the disease in (the virus causing the common cold) in humans beings.
• the innate immunity mechanism works well at 37-degree Celsius and protects the body against virus attack but around 33-degree celsius the effect is reduced at a high rate. This is the temperature present in the nasal passage.
• Research reveals that the two major temperature-dependent signals are very crucial in providing the immune defense against many viruses.and in future research these signals provides an opportunity to revel that low temperature of airways and other body parts shows antiviral defense against other viruses.

1. RIG-1 like receptor pathway--> Signals that are Involved in recognizing the replicating virus inside the cell
2. Type 1 interferon response--->Signals use for turning on the antiviral defense system.