Question

Nutrition Week 10 Assignment

Answers should be in short paragraphs, in your own words using the textbook as a reference. No google or internet searches.

1. Discuss some differences in nutritional recommendations between those for pregnant women and those for women who are not pregnant. Give reasons for the differences.

2. How do the nutritional recommendations differ for a pregnant woman and a lactating woman? Give reasons for the differences.

1. What benefits does breastfeeding offer to the baby?

1. What benefits does breastfeeding offer to the mother?

3. Discuss the harmful effects that a pregnant woman’s alcohol consumption or cigarette smoking can have on her embryo/fetus.

4. Discuss why nutrition before conception is important for the embryo/fetus.

5. Discuss some common disorders and discomforts of pregnancy and offer strategies to help deal with these conditions.

6. Discuss some of the particular nutrient concerns for infants.

7. Describe how the in utero environment can have long-term effects on an individual.

8. What are nutritional benefits of breast feeding vs. formula feeding?

Breast feeding provides the best nutrition for your baby and is the most widely recommended way to feed a new born. As a group, breastfed infants have less difficulty with digestion than do formula-fed infants. Breast milk tends to be more easily digested so that breastfed babies have fewer bouts of diarrhea or constipation. Breast milk also naturally contains many of the vitamins and minerals that a newborn requires.

Answer 1

Differences in nutritional recommendations between those for pregnant women and those for women who are not pregnant.

​​​​​​Ans: Important nutrients need during pregnancy Calciun,folate,iron, proteins

Good sources of calcium:

• milk
• yogurt
• cheese
• low-mercury fish and seafood, such as salmon, shrimp, catfish, and canned light tuna
• calcium-set tofu
• dark green, leafy vegetables

Calcium. Helps to build strong bones and teeth

Good sources for folate:

• liver
• nuts
• dried beans and lentils
• eggs
• nuts and peanut butter
• dark green, leafy vegetables

Folate helps prevent serious birth defects of a baby's brain or spine.

Good sources for Iron:   

• dark green, leafy vegetables (noticing a trend with this one?)
• citrus fruits
• enriched breads or cereals
• lean beef and poultry
• eggs

Iron. Helps red blood cells deliver oxygen to your baby

Good sources of protein include:

• lean beef and pork
• chicken
• salmon
• nuts
• peanut butter
• cottage cheese
• beans

Proteins are building blocks of muscles

Nutritional recommendations for lactating women:

Folate: beans, lentils, leafy greens, asparagus, avocados

Calcium: milk, yogurt, cheese, leafy greens, legumes

Iron: red meat, pork, poultry, seafood, beans, green vegetables, dried fruit

Copper: shellfish, whole grains, nuts, beans, organ meats, potatoes

Zinc: oysters, red meat, poultry, beans, nuts, dairy

Vitamin B1 (Thiamin): fish, pork, seeds, nuts, beans

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin): cheese, almonds, nuts, red meat, oily fish, eggs

Vitamin B6: chickpeas, nuts, fish, poultry, potatoes, bananas, dried fruit

Vitamin B12: shellfish, liver, yogurt, oily fish, nutritional yeast, eggs, crab, shrimp

Choline: eggs, beef liver, chicken liver, fish, peanuts

Vitamin A: sweet potatoes, carrots, dark leafy greens, organ meats, eggs

VitaminD: cod liver oil, oily fish, some mushrooms, fortified food

Iodine: dried seaweed, cod, milk, iodized salts

What benefits does breastfeeding offer to the baby

• Stronger immune systems
• Less diarrhea, constipation, gastroenteritis, gastroesophageal reflux, and preterm necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)
• Fewer colds and respiratory illnesses like pneumonia, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and whooping cough
• Fewer ear infections, especially those that damage hearing
• Fewer case of bacterial meningitis
• Better vision and less retinopathy of prematurity
• Lower rates of infant mortality
• Lower rates of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
• Less illness overall and less hospitalization.

What benefits does breastfeeding offer to mother

• Breastfeeding produces the naturally soothing hormones oxytocin and prolactin that promote stress reduction and positive feelings in the nursing mother.
• Increased calmness. Breastfed babies cry less overall, and have fewer incidences of childhood illness. Breastfeeding can support the wellness of body, mind, and spirit for the whole family.
• Physical/emotional bonding between mother and child is increased. Breastfeeding promotes more skin-to-skin contact, more holding and stroking. Many feel that affectionate bonding during the first years of life help reduce social and behavioral problems in both children and adults.

• Lower risk of breast cancer
• Lower risk of ovarian cancer
• Lower risk of rheumatoid arthritis and lupus
• Less endometriosis
• Less osteoporosis with age
• Less diabetes
• Less hypertension decreases blood pressure
• Less cardiovascular disease