Question

3. Mr Osei, a 30 year old man was recently diagnosed of Type II Diabetes. How would you apply the levels of disease prevention in his care?

Answer 1

LEVELS OF DISEASE PREVENTION
Definition: certain activities designed to prevent, protect and rehabilitate a person or member or community from the threats that pose towards one’s health and its harmful consequences are called as levels of disease prevention.
Primary prevention	Secondary Prevention	Tertiary prevention
An intervention that intends to be implemented before the onset of disease or injury is called as primary prevention	An intervention that intends to be implemented after the onset of disease or injury is called as secondary prevention	An intervention that intends to be implemented after the disease or injury has caused a significant establishment in such a way as to the person has to adapt to the new normalcy is called as tertiary prevention
Intent of this is to reduce or eliminate the cause or reduce the risk of health threat	Intent of this is to screen and treat	Intent is to stop the significance from sever to stable and adapt to the changes
In the current scenario the patient is 30 year old man and has been recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus Type 2 diabetes mellitus is defined as condition in which the body processes blood sugar (glucose) in a certain way that it does not respond to insulin present in the body. The body does not produce insulin in enough amount or the body resist the insulin present in the body.
Primary prevention steps	Secondary prevention steps	Tertiary prevention steps
Exercise like regular walk, cardio-vascular and Yoga Diet- low sugar diet, fibre rich and protein diet Fluids – plenty of fluids, avoid beverages and sugar drinks Eating pattern – to increase the BMI, small and frequent diet is suggested Reduce obesity No to alcohol, smoking and drug abuse Avoid unnecessary cuts and wounds	Screening of underlying causes like Thyroid functioning Kidney functioning Levels of insulin present in the blood Levels of sugar from past 3-4 months by HbA1C levels Treatment Low levels of metformin Human mixtrad insulin	In this scenario there is no tertiary prevention as the person is early stage of diabetes mellitus type 2 However it is important to see that complications of diabetes mellitus should be prevented like DKA, Diabetes neuropathy, and Foot gangrene