Question

To what extent are human beings free and to what extent are their decisions and actions determined?  

Answer 1

Definition

 Humans are a part of the natural environment; every human action or decision is merely another natural event that is also caused. Every occurrence can be linked back to its preceding and distinct natural causes.

Example

 The parents send us to a specific institution (or none, if that is our fate), where the system places us in Professor X's class, where his excitement for subject Y is contagious, and we are compelled to major in it. The concept of fate serves as a reminder of our limitations, our relative powerlessness, and our inherent insignificance in the grand scheme of things.

Explanation

 According to the scientific determinist viewpoint, human actions may reflect our wishes and even basic values, but every purpose, ambition, ideal, or notion is merely the outcome of components in our genetics and environment.

Critical analysis

 Our everyday views and correspondence reflect the pragmatic belief that rationalizations are only possible when couched in terms of causes. When someone asks what you’ve done or why you are acting the way you are, you usually respond by describing the components you presume have precipitated the actions (Honer et al., 1968). Almost all questions about the relationships between things—particularly those about how times have changed or come to be the way they are—are asked with the expectation that the answers will reveal at least a few causal factors.

Justification

 The premise is that the cause-and-effect principle works and that it is the basis on which science's coherent notions are built. According to the scientific determinist viewpoint, human actions reflect our wishes and even basic values. Still, every motive, urge, ideal, or notion is merely the outcome of our genetics and environment components.

Different aspects of the theory, criticisms

 We can assess our sentiments and aspirations, restructure our values, and change our behavior during the decision-making process. Behaviorism's scientific determinism theory is unscientific in the extent that it fails to account for at least one essential aspect of human behavior: the scientific process itself

Conclusion

 We often claim, "We didn't choose our parents." We also didn't choose the period in which we were born. Theodore Dreiser, an American novelist, was vividly conscious that he had not selected his drug-addicted mother, who had such a profound influence on his life. Considering such arguments, it is only reasonable to emphasize the constraints on human freedom, as the ancient Greeks did in their conceptions of fate and sentiments of fatalism.

Introduction

 It is frequently maintained that any position on morals and ethics is inextricably linked to one's position on human liberty. The issue of freedom and determinism arises from our efforts to resolve two convictions held by most people.