Question

assign the purpose each excipient (listed below) serves as part of the tablet formulation. Using no more than one sentence, what is your reasoning (the rationale) for each ingredient assigned role? If uncertain, list what you believe the most likely role (or roles) an excipient would have, and then list any other possible role (or “job”) that the excipient may have.  If you are completely unsure of the role of an excipient, state that you are uncertain, but speculate as to the most likely purpose

Excipients:

Calcium, Phosphorus, zinc, selenium, boron, lutein, methylsulfonylmethane, gelatin.

Answer 1

Answers :

Calcium :

• They are GMO- and animal-free substances which do not contain any organic residual solvents.
• · Natural source of such important elements as calcium makes them a very safe solution for patients.
• · Due to their favorable particle size and shape they exhibit excellent flowability

Phosphorus :

• Phosphates as excipients are most commonly used as diluents, buffers to prevent pH fluctuations, and provide the required density for the preparation, thereby facilitating appropriate route of administration.
• patients undergoing dialysis contain phosphate, then this will significantly contribute to daily phosphorus intake of these patients, which may contribute to the progression of CKD-MBD ^.

Zinc :

• Zinc oxide (ZnO) appears as a promising preservative for pharmaceutical or cosmetic formulations. The other ingredients of the formulations may have specific interactions with ZnO that alter its antimicrobial properties.

Seleniums

• Glutathione peroxidase which protects cell components from oxidative damage due to peroxidases produced in cellular metabolism.

Boron

• Boric acid is used as an antimicrobial preservative and is used as a buffering agent to control the pH.
• Additionally, it can have the function of tonicity-adjusting agent.

Lutein :

• Lutein is an oxycarotenoid/xanthophyll containing two cyclic end groups and the basic C40 isoprenoid structure It is a non-vitamin A carotenoid that cannot be synthesized by humans and lutein and zeaxanthin are the only dietary carotenoids present in the macular region of the retina and the lens.
• Safer, eco-friendly nature and pharmacological applications.

Methylsulfonylmethane :

• Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) as a permeability enhancer and an excipient to facilitate EDTA transport across biologic membranes, and to make possible localized, regional chelation.
• MSM could also be an adjuvant for delivering ciprofloxacin and other chemical compounds to specific, local tissue sites.

Gelatin :

• Gelatin is used primarily to make hard and soft gelatin capsules. Other uses include tablets, emulsions, suppositories and syrups.
• Gelatin is the only excipient of those mentioned above that has no e-number, and is therefore not classed as an additive, making it ideal for clean label capsules.