Question

The Economics discipline has a long tradition of excluding women and ignoring the study of issues that are important to women. This female Economist faulted Adam Smith for insufficient coverage of the economic activity of women, both in the sphere of household production and the realm of wage work and market activity. She was ostracized for her critique of Adam Smith.

Select one:

a. Priscilla Wakefield

b. Frances (Fanny) Wright

c. Harriet Martineau

d. Virginia Penny

This female economist accepted that women’s productivity (in value terms) is generally lower than men’s. However, she argues that this should be seen as a result of labour market structure rather than of distinct characteristics of women workers. She offers an early theory of ‘segregated’ or ‘dual’ labour markets. In order to achieve equal pay, women need free entry into skilled industries and equal opportunities for training.

Select one:

a. Millicent Garrett Fawcet

b. Priscilla Wakefield

c. Frances (Fanny) Wright

d. Julie-Victoire Daubié

e. Martineau, Harriet

This female thinker is considered a diligent writer and expositor. Her publications and efforts in political economy are not considered original, but they are attempts to make the concepts of the economic discipline broadly known and understood. Her publications were in favour of laissez-faire. Her lectures at Workingmen’s Institutions illustrated her profound belief in education as a remedy for most social ills.

Select one:

a. Harriet Martineau

b. Frances (Fanny) Wright

c. Millicent Garrett Fawcett

d. Virginia Penny

e. Julie-Victoire Daubié

This economist is considered a Marginalist and defined the “equation of exchange” or "theory of exchange" which shows that for consumers to be maximizing their utility, the ratio of their marginal utility of each item consumed to its price must be equal. If it is not, then consumers will reallocate consumption and get more benefits from other items. In mathematical terms, MBx/Px = MBy/Py or in other words, under free trading conditions rarely consumers will find extremely good deals.

Select one:

a. William Stanley Jevons

b. Adam Smith

c. Thomas Mun

d. Leon Walras

e. Alfred Marshall

This female economist was an outspoken social reformer who wrote during the period of the Classical School.  She opposed organized religion, marriage, slavery, and capitalism based on the belief of freedom and autonomy. She was concerned with the education of women and bought slaves to freed them.

Select one:

a. Frances (Fanny) Wright

b. Priscilla Wakefield

c. Rosa Luxemburg

d. Millicent Garrett Fawcett

e. Harriet Martineau

This female economist is considered a prominent researcher. She researched with care and detailed the possible occupations for women. One purpose of her books was to provoke women’s thought and action toward exploring and realizing their employment opportunities. Another purpose was to change people's attitudes regarding the limited availability of jobs for women.

Select one:

a. Millicent Garrett Fawcett

b. Virginia Penny

c. Frances (Fanny) Wright

d. Martineau, Harriet

e. Julie-Victoire Daubié

Pls help thanks

Answer 1

Ans. 1 (a)  Priscilla Wakefield

Priscilla Wakefield is believed to be the first woman to challenge Adam Smith's economic theory. Priscilla Wakefield took for granted that all useful labour was productive labour, and that the labour of women, whether within the household or in the market sphere, was useful and productive.

2.

(a) Millicent Garrett Fawcet

According to Fawcett, wages were subject to more unifying economic principles: wages are determined “on the most part” by competition (Fawcett 1874, 111, 113). Women are crowded in the least productive occupations (Fawcett 1892, 175).

3. (e) Julie-Victoire Daubié

Julie-Victoire Daubié wrote extensively about women in poverty, publishing most of her known work about 25 to 30 years before the French. Revolution . De Beaumer and Daubié both viewed improved education as the key to equality and could cure the ills of society,

4.

(a) William Stanley Jevons

Jevons went on to define the “equation of exchange,” which shows that for a consumer to be maximizing his or her utility, the ratio of the marginal utility of each item consumed to its price must be equal. If it is not, then he or she can, with a given income, reallocate consumption and get more utility.

5.

(e) Harriet Martineau

She opposed organized religion, marriage, slavery, and capitalism based on the belief of freedom and autonomy.

6

(b) Virginia Penny

She provoked women's thought and action toward exploring and realizing their employment opportunities by giving detailed depictions of just exactly what a worker must do in a particular job.