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In: Chemistry

ch4 + 4br2 ---> CBr4 + 4HBr The process is bromination, but the method doesn't make...

ch4 + 4br2 ---> CBr4 + 4HBr The process is bromination, but the method doesn't make sense. Pls help.

Expert Solution

This reaction between methane and bromine happens in the presence of ultraviolet light - typically sunlight. This is a good example of a photochemical reaction - a reaction brought about by light.

CH4+Br2→CH3Br+HBr

The organic product is bromomethane. One of the hydrogen atoms in the methane has been replaced by a bromine atom, so this is a substitution reaction. However, the reaction doesn't stop there, and all the hydrogens in the methane can in turn be replaced by bromine atoms.

The mechanism involves a chain reaction. During a chain reaction, for every reactive species you start off with, a new one is generated at the end - and this keeps the process going.The over-all process is known as free radical substitution, or as a free radical chain reaction.

Chain initiation: The chain is initiated (started) by UV light breaking a bromine molecule into free radicals.

Br22Br

Chain propagation reactions: These are the reactions which keep the chain going.

CH4 + BrCH3 + HBr

CH3 + Br2CH3Br + Br

Chain termination reactions: These are reactions which remove free radicals from the system without replacing them by new ones.

2BrBr2

CH3 + BrCH3Br

CH3 + CH3CH3CH3

When you still have the reaction molecule in the medium, the reaction will go on until there is no more molecules to react with. That is why your reaction end with the four bromine substituing all the Hydrogens.

For each Br₂ molecule present in the medium, the Br will ocuppy te spot of each H in the CH_4. and each time there is a substitution of an H by the Br there is a molecule HBr produced, that is why you produce 4 HBr. From each reaction of substitution.

there if you have

CH4+Br2→CH3Br+HBr

CH₃Br + Br₂ CH₂Br₂ + HBr

CH₂Br₂ + Br₂ CHBr₃ + HBr

CHBr₃ + Br₂ CBr₄ + HBr

If you add all of this equations, the final estequiometry wiil be

CH₄ + 4Br₄ CBr₄ + 4HBr

In each of this reactions that i wrote, it will be a formation of the radical to the propagation therefore the subsitution.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

which of the following molecules are polar? Why? ch4, ch3br, ch2br2, cbr4

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