Question

Problem # 6

The cardiovascular medications on our drug list have notable uses that may seem paradoxical or extend far beyond their cardiovascular functions.

· What is diabetes insipidus and why may hydrochlorothiazide be used to treat it?

· What is hirsutism and why may spironolactone be used to treat it?

· What are ADHD, ICU sedation, opioid withdrawal, and vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause, and why may clonidine be used to treat them?

Drug List: furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, mannitol, spironolactone, lisinopril, losartan, clonidine, propranolol, metoprolol, verapamil, nifedipine, prazosin, nitroglycerin, hydralazine, minoxidil, sodium nitroprusside

Answer 1

1) Diabetes insipidus: It is disorder that is caused by an imbalance of fluids in the body that imbalance make you thirsty and to produce large amount of urine.

Hydrochlorothiazide that belongs to the thiazide class that is used to treat mild hypovolemia which recommend salt and water uptake in the proximal tubule and thus to improve nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

2) Hirsutism is a condition that leads to excessive growth of dark or coarse hair in a male. Growing of hair at face, chest.

Spironolactone block androgen receptor and decrease testosterone production that is effective in hirsutism.It is useful for patient with hypertension because of mild diuretic effect.

3) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is mental illness that is cause by abnormal level of hyperactive and impulsive behavior.

Clonidine belongs to antihypertensives by decreasing heart rate and relax blood vessels so that blood can flow easily in the body.It is also used in ADHD that is used to control the brain impulse.