In: Accounting
Genuine Spice Inc. began operations on January 1 of the current year. The company produces eight- ounce bottles of hand and body lotion called Eternal Beauty. The lotion is sold wholesale in 12-bottle cases for $100 per case. There is a selling commission of $20 per case. The January direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs are as follows:
DIRECT MATERIALS | ||||
Cost Behavior | Units per Case | Cost per Unit | Cost per Case | |
Cream base | Variable | 100 oz. | $0.02 | $ 2.00 |
Natural oils | Variable | 30 oz. | 0.30 | 9.00 |
Bottle (8-oz.) | Variable | 12 bottles | 0.50 | 6.00 |
$17.00 |
DIRECT LABOR | ||||
Department | Cost Behavior | Time per Case | Labor Rate per Hour | Cost per Case |
Mixing | Variable | 20 min. | $18.00 | $6.00 |
Filling | Variable | 5 | 14.40 | 1.20 |
25 min. | $7.20 |
FACTORY OVERHEAD | ||
Cost Behavior | Total Cost | |
Utilities | Mixed | $600 |
Facility lease | Fixed | 14,000 |
Equipment depreciation | Fixed | 4,300 |
Supplies | Fixed | 660 |
$19,560 |
Part A—Break-Even Analysis
The management of Genuine Spice Inc. wants to determine the number of cases required to break even per month. The utilities cost, which is part of factory overhead, is a mixed cost. The following information was gathered from the first six months of operation regarding this cost:
Case Production |
Utility Total Cost |
|
January | 500 | $600 |
February | 800 | 660 |
March | 1,200 | 740 |
April | 1,100 | 720 |
May | 950 | 690 |
June | 1,025 | 705 |
Required-Part A: | |
1. | Determine the fixed and variable portion of the utility cost using the high-low method. |
2. | Determine the contribution margin per case. |
3. | Determine the fixed costs per month, including the utility fixed cost from part (1). |
4. | Determine the break-even number of cases per month. |
Part B—August Budgets
During July of the current year, the management of Genuine Spice Inc. asked the controller to prepare August manufacturing and income statement budgets. Demand was expected to be 1,500 cases at $100 per case for August. Inventory planning information is provided as follows:
Finished Goods Inventory:
Cases |
Cost |
|
Estimated finished goods inventory, August 1 | 300 | $12,000 |
Desired finished goods inventory, August 31 | 175 | 7,000 |
Materials Inventory:
Cream Base |
Oils |
Bottles |
|
(oz.) |
(oz.) |
(bottles) |
|
Estimated materials inventory, August 1 | 250 | 290 | 600 |
Desired materials inventory, August 31 | 1,000 | 360 | 240 |
There was negligible work in process inventory assumed for either the beginning or end of the month; thus, none was assumed. In addition, there was no change in the cost per unit or estimated units per case operating data from January.
Required-Part B: | |||
5. | Prepare the August production budget.* | ||
6. | Prepare the August direct materials purchases budget.* | ||
7. | Prepare the August direct labor cost budget. Round the hours required for production to the nearest hour.* | ||
8. | Prepare the August factory overhead cost budget. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank. (Entries of zero (0) will be cleared automatically by CNOW.)* | ||
9. | Prepare the August budgeted income statement, including selling
expenses. NOTE: Because you are not required to prepare a cost of
goods sold budget, the cost of goods sold calculations will be part
of the budgeted income statement.*
|
Part C—August Variance Analysis
During September of the current year, the controller was asked to perform variance analyses for August. The January operating data provided the standard prices, rates, times, and quantities per case. There were 1,500 actual cases produced during August, which was 250 more cases than planned at the beginning of the month. Actual data for August were as follows:
Actual Direct Materials |
||
Price per Unit |
Quantity per Case |
|
Cream base | $0.016 per oz. | 102 oz. |
Natural oils | $0.32 per oz. | 31 oz. |
Bottle (8-oz.) | $0.42 per bottle | 12.5 bottles |
Actual Direct |
Actual Direct Labor |
|
Labor Rate |
Time per Case |
|
Mixing | $18.20 | 19.50 min. |
Filling | 14.00 | 5.60 min. |
Actual variable overhead | $305.00 |
Normal volume | 1,600 cases |
The prices of the materials were different from standard due to fluctuations in market prices. The standard quantity of materials used per case was an ideal standard. The Mixing Department used a higher grade labor classification during the month, thus causing the actual labor rate to exceed standard. The Filling Department used a lower grade labor classification during the month, thus causing the actual labor rate to be less than standard
Required-Part C: | |
10. | Determine and interpret the direct materials price and quantity variances for the three materials. |
11. | Determine and interpret the direct labor rate and time variances for the two departments. Round hours to the nearest tenth of an hour. |
12. | Determine and interpret the factory overhead controllable variance. |
13. | Determine and interpret the factory overhead volume variance. |
14. | Why are the standard direct labor and direct materials costs in the calculations for parts (10) and (11) based on the actual 1,500-case production volume rather than the planned 1,375 cases of production used in the budgets for parts (6) and (7)? |
Amount Descriptions
Amount Descriptions-Part A | |
Controllable variance | |
Equipment depreciation | |
Facility lease | |
Supplies | |
Utilities | |
Volume variance |
Questions (Part A)
1. Determine the fixed and variable portion of the utility cost using the high-low method.
At High Point |
At Low Point |
|
Variable cost per unit | ||
Total fixed cost | ||
Total cost |
2. Determine the contribution margin per case.
3. Determine the fixed costs per month, including the utility fixed cost from part (1).
1 |
Total fixed costs: |
|
2 |
||
3 |
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4 |
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5 |
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6 |
4. Determine the break-even number of cases per month. cases
Production Budget
5. Prepare the August production budget. Enter all amounts as positive numbers.
Genuine Spice Inc. | |
Production Budget | |
For the Month Ended August 31 | |
Cases | |
Plus | |
Total cases required | |
Less | |
Direct Materials Purchases Budget
6. Prepare the August direct materials purchases budget. Enter all amounts as positive numbers.
Genuine Spice Inc. | ||||
Direct Materials Purchases Budget | ||||
For the Month Ended August 31 | ||||
Cream Base (oz.) | Natural Oils (oz.) | Bottles (bottles) | Total | |
Plus | ||||
Less | ||||
Direct materials to be purchased | ||||
X | ||||
Direct Labor Cost Budget
7. Prepare the August direct labor cost budget. Round the hours required for production to the nearest hour. Enter all amounts as positive numbers.
Genuine Spice Inc. | |||
Direct Labor Cost Budget | |||
For the Month Ended August 31 | |||
Mixing | Filling | Total | |
X | |||
Pleaseee help me with thiss!!!!
As per policy, only four parts of a question are allowed to answer at a time, so answering first four parts of question Part A:
Part A: |
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Req. 1: Apportionment of the Utility cost: |
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Units |
Utility cost |
|||
High |
1200 |
740 |
||
Low |
500 |
600 |
||
Difference |
700 |
140 |
||
Variable cost = 140 / 700 = 0.2 |
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Fixed cost = 600 - (500 * 0.2) = 500 |
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Req. 2: Contribution margin per case = (Selling price - Variable costs) |
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Selling price = |
100 |
|||
Variable costs = |
||||
D materials = |
17 |
|||
D Labor = |
7.2 |
|||
Utility cost = |
0.2 |
|||
Selling Commission = |
20 |
|||
Total Variable costs = |
44.4 |
|||
Contribution margin = |
55.6 |
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Req. 3: Fixed costs per month = |
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Utility |
500 |
|||
Facility lease |
14000 |
|||
equipment dep. |
4300 |
|||
supplies |
660 |
|||
Total fixed costs |
19460 |
|||
Req. 4: Break even number of cases per month= |
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Fixed costs / contribution per case= |
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19460 / 55.6 = 350 |