Question

In: Accounting

Genuine Spice Inc. began operations on January 1 of the current year. The company produces eight-...

Genuine Spice Inc. began operations on January 1 of the current year. The company produces eight- ounce bottles of hand and body lotion called Eternal Beauty. The lotion is sold wholesale in 12-bottle cases for $100 per case. There is a selling commission of $20 per case. The January direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs are as follows:

DIRECT MATERIALS
Cost Behavior Units per Case Cost per Unit Cost per Case
Cream base Variable 100 oz. $0.02 $ 2.00
Natural oils Variable 30 oz. 0.30 9.00
Bottle (8-oz.) Variable 12 bottles 0.50 6.00
$17.00
DIRECT LABOR
Department Cost Behavior Time per Case Labor Rate per Hour Cost per Case
Mixing Variable 20 min. $18.00 $6.00
Filling Variable 5 14.40 1.20
25 min. $7.20
FACTORY OVERHEAD
Cost Behavior Total Cost
Utilities Mixed $600
Facility lease Fixed 14,000
Equipment depreciation Fixed 4,300
Supplies Fixed 660
$19,560

Part A—Break-Even Analysis

The management of Genuine Spice Inc. wants to determine the number of cases required to break even per month. The utilities cost, which is part of factory overhead, is a mixed cost. The following information was gathered from the first six months of operation regarding this cost:

Case Production Utility Total Cost
January 500 $600
February 800 660
March 1,200 740
April 1,100 720
May 950 690
June 1,025 705
Required-Part A:
1. Determine the fixed and variable portion of the utility cost using the high-low method.
2. Determine the contribution margin per case.
3. Determine the fixed costs per month, including the utility fixed cost from part (1).
4. Determine the break-even number of cases per month.

Part B—August Budgets

During July of the current year, the management of Genuine Spice Inc. asked the controller to prepare August manufacturing and income statement budgets. Demand was expected to be 1,500 cases at $100 per case for August. Inventory planning information is provided as follows:

Finished Goods Inventory:

Cases Cost
Estimated finished goods inventory, August 1 300 $12,000
Desired finished goods inventory, August 31 175 7,000

Materials Inventory:

Cream Base Oils Bottles
(oz.) (oz.) (bottles)
Estimated materials inventory, August 1 250 290 600
Desired materials inventory, August 31 1,000 360 240

There was negligible work in process inventory assumed for either the beginning or end of the month; thus, none was assumed. In addition, there was no change in the cost per unit or estimated units per case operating data from January.

Required-Part B:
5. Prepare the August production budget.*
6. Prepare the August direct materials purchases budget.*
7. Prepare the August direct labor cost budget. Round the hours required for production to the nearest hour.*
8. Prepare the August factory overhead cost budget. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank. (Entries of zero (0) will be cleared automatically by CNOW.)*
9. Prepare the August budgeted income statement, including selling expenses. NOTE: Because you are not required to prepare a cost of goods sold budget, the cost of goods sold calculations will be part of the budgeted income statement.*
*Enter all amounts as positive numbers.

Part C—August Variance Analysis

During September of the current year, the controller was asked to perform variance analyses for August. The January operating data provided the standard prices, rates, times, and quantities per case. There were 1,500 actual cases produced during August, which was 250 more cases than planned at the beginning of the month. Actual data for August were as follows:

Actual Direct Materials

Price per Unit Quantity per Case
Cream base $0.016 per oz. 102 oz.
Natural oils $0.32 per oz. 31 oz.
Bottle (8-oz.) $0.42 per bottle 12.5 bottles
Actual Direct Actual Direct Labor
Labor Rate Time per Case
Mixing $18.20 19.50 min.
Filling 14.00 5.60 min.
Actual variable overhead $305.00
Normal volume 1,600 cases

The prices of the materials were different from standard due to fluctuations in market prices. The standard quantity of materials used per case was an ideal standard. The Mixing Department used a higher grade labor classification during the month, thus causing the actual labor rate to exceed standard. The Filling Department used a lower grade labor classification during the month, thus causing the actual labor rate to be less than standard

Required-Part C:
10. Determine and interpret the direct materials price and quantity variances for the three materials.
11. Determine and interpret the direct labor rate and time variances for the two departments. Round hours to the nearest tenth of an hour.
12. Determine and interpret the factory overhead controllable variance.
13. Determine and interpret the factory overhead volume variance.
14. Why are the standard direct labor and direct materials costs in the calculations for parts (10) and (11) based on the actual 1,500-case production volume rather than the planned 1,375 cases of production used in the budgets for parts (6) and (7)?

Solutions

Expert Solution

1 Computation of fixed and variable portion of Utility cost
Case production in January 500
Case production in February 800
Additional units produced in February (A) 300
Total utility cost in January $600
Total utility cost in February $660
Additional utility cost incurred in February (B) $60
Then, Variable portion of utility cost per case (B /A) $0.20 per case
Total variable utility cost in January ( 500 cases x $ 0.20 per case) $100.00
Total Fixed utility cost in January ( $ 600 - $ 100) $500.00
2 $ $
Selling price per case     100.00
Less: Variable cost per case;
Direct Material cost per case          17.00
Direct Labor cost per case             7.20
Variable utility cost             0.20
Selling commission          20.00
Total variable cost per case       44.40
Contribution Margin per case       55.60
3 Fixed costs per month $
Utility costs        500.00
Facility lease 14,000.00
Equipment depreciation     4,300.00
Supplies        660.00
Total fixed cost per month 19,460.00
4 Break-even number of cases per month = ( $ 19,460/ $ 55.60) = 350 cases per month

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