Question

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In the laboratory, a general chemistry student measured the pH of a 0.552 M aqueous solution...

In the laboratory, a general chemistry student measured the pH of a 0.552 M aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid to be 1.685. Use the information she obtained to determine the Ka for this acid. Ka(experiment) =

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Expert Solution

HF is a weak acid.

For a weak acid HA,

HA          +             H2O        =             H3O+      +             A-

C                                                          0                            0

C(1-α)                                                 αC                         αC

K = [H3O+][ A-]/[ HA][ H2O]

Ka = K[H2O] = [H3O+][ A-]/[ HA]

Ka = (αC)2/ C(1-α) = α2C                  (as α<<1)

α = √ (Ka/C)

[H3O+] = αC = C * √ (Ka/C) = √ (KaC)

pH = - log[H3O+] = - log √ (KaC)

= 0.5 ( pKa - logC)

Here, pH = 1.685 = 0.5 ( pKa - log0.552)

or, 3.37 = pKa + 0.258

or, pKa = 3.112

or, Ka = 10-3.112 = 7.73 * 10­-4


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