Question

In: Biology

A) Describe the evolutionary relationship between kingdoms and domains within the tree of life. B) Describe...

A) Describe the evolutionary relationship between kingdoms and domains within the tree of life. B) Describe similarities and differences in anatomy/structure and physiology between archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes. C) Explain the 3 mechanism for horizontal gene transfer in bacteria. D) Describe the structural and metabolic diversity of prokaryotes

Solutions

Expert Solution

A)ANS.The world of organisms were classified as five kingdom system and well accepted by the scientists all over the world till 1977 when Woese and Wolfe proved that existence of Archaea,a third category of organisms that could live without oxygen besides the two accepted categories called eukaryotes and prokaryotes.thus the world of organisms got divided into three domain systems rather than the 5 kingdom system.

B)ANS.Similarities and differences between archaea,bacteria and eukarytoes.

1) membrane bound nucleus is absent in archaea and bacteria but present in eukaryotes.

2)organelles are absent in archaea and bacteria but present in eukaryotes.

3)peptodoglycon in cellwall is present in archaea but absent in bacteria and eukaryotes.

4)membrane lipids are unbranched in bacteria ,eukarya and branched in archaea.

5)ribosomes are 70S type in bacteria and archaea and 80S type in eukarya.

C)ANS.Horizontal gene transfer may occur in three ways i.e transformation,transduction and conjugation.

Transformation;it involves uptake of small fragments of naked DNA by naturally transferable bacteria.and transformation is a key step in gene clonning.

Tranduction:Transduction involves transfer of DNA from one bacteria to another through the bacteriophages.

Conjugation:it is the process by which one bacterium transfers the genetic material to another through direct contact.during conjugation one bacterium serves as the donor of the genetic material and other serves as the recepient.the donor bacterium carries a DNA sequemce called fertility facteor or F- factor.

D)ANS. Some bacteria are phototrops, getting energy from sunlight.and others are chemotrops ,getting energy from chemical compounds.

2)some prokaryotes are autotrops,fixing carbon from CO2,others are heterotrops getting carbon from organic compounds of other organisms.

3)Prokaryotes can perform either aerobic or anerobic and some can switch between these modes.

4)Some prokaryotes have special enzymes and pathways that let them metabolize the nitrogen and sulfur containing compounds.

5)Prokaryotes play a key role in cycling of nutrients through ecosystem.


Related Solutions

Describe three major phyla and their adaptations that separated the branch on the evolutionary tree of...
Describe three major phyla and their adaptations that separated the branch on the evolutionary tree of life.
How are fungi different from the other kingdoms of life? What are the basic differences between...
How are fungi different from the other kingdoms of life? What are the basic differences between the molds and yeasts? What are dimorphic fungi? What are saprophytes, and how are they different from parasites? What are hyphae? What are mycelia? What are some fungi of medical importance? Why are they important?
A. Describe and account for the four stages of change. b. Assess the relationship between the...
A. Describe and account for the four stages of change. b. Assess the relationship between the basic economic concepts.
Describe the relationship between how much the U.S spends on healthcare and life expectancy rates?
Describe the relationship between how much the U.S spends on healthcare and life expectancy rates?
a. What is the relationship between discounting and​ compounding? b. What is the relationship between the​...
a. What is the relationship between discounting and​ compounding? b. What is the relationship between the​ present-value factor and the annuity​ present-value factor? c. What will 4,400 invested for 13 years at 12 percent compounded annually grow to? ii. How many years it will take 570 to grow to 2727.22 if it is invested at 11 percent compounded annually? iii. At what rate would 1500 have to be invested to grow to 6339.35 in 11years?
a. Describe the relationship between the interest rates on bonds of different maturities. b. If we...
a. Describe the relationship between the interest rates on bonds of different maturities. b. If we follow the Expectation Hypothesis, calculate the interest rate on a 3-year bond if a 1-year bond has an interest rate of 2% and is expected to have an interest rate of 3% next year, and 5% in two years. c. How does the Liquidity Premium Theory explain an upward-sloping yield curve during normal economic environment? d. Explain the economic implications of an inverted yield...
2. A. Analyze the relationship between risk analysis and capital budgeting. B. Discuss: i) within-firm risk;...
2. A. Analyze the relationship between risk analysis and capital budgeting. B. Discuss: i) within-firm risk; ii) market risk; iii) sensitivity analysis; iv) Monte Carlo simulation.
Can someone describe following quesions a) the relationship between the catabolism and anabolism. b) the differences...
Can someone describe following quesions a) the relationship between the catabolism and anabolism. b) the differences between sterilization in batch and continuous systems
There is a __________ relationship between the present value of growth opportunities within a firm and...
There is a __________ relationship between the present value of growth opportunities within a firm and that firm's price to earnings ratio. Negative Non-existent Positive Strange
describe the relationship between leverage and solvency.
describe the relationship between leverage and solvency.
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT