Question

have been posting the same questions and not getting an answers for so please answer all the questions :

ACLS q’s

True or False: Therapeutic hypothermia should be considered in the comatose adult after cardiac arrest.

  True

  False

Ventricular fibrillation can be a life-threatening complication of ACS.

  True

  False

True or False: 100% oxygen is acceptable for early intervention but not for extended periods of time.

  True

  False

True or False: Interruptions in CPR for repeated consecutive defibrillator shocks always provide better resuscitation.

  True

  False

True or False: If the AED advises no shock, you should still defibrillate because defibrillation often restarts the heart with no pulse.

  True

  False

The ACLS Survey includes assessing which of the following?

  Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Deformity

  Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Defibrillation

  Airway, Blood Pressure, CPR, Differential Diagnosis

  Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Differential Diagnosis

Hyperventillation (over ventillation) can be harmful because it:

  Increases intrathoracic pressure

  Decreases venous return to the heart

  Diminishes cardiac output

  All of the above

Basic airway skills include all of the following EXCEPT:

  Head-tilt-chin-lift maneuver

  Jaw-thrust maneuver without head extension

  Bag-mask ventilation

  Placement of endotracheal tube (ET tube)

Which of the following basic airway adjuncts can be used in a conscious or semiconscious indivudual (with an intact cough and gag reflex)?

  Oropharyngeal airway (OPA)

  Esophageal-tracheal tube (combitube)

  Endotracheal tube (ET tube)

  Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)

All of the following are examples of advanced airways EXCEPT:

  Esophageal-tracheal tube (combitube)

  Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)

  Endotracheal tube (ET tube)

  Oropharyngeal airway (OPA)

Early defibrillation is critical for individuals with sudden cardiac arrest for the following reasons EXCEPT:

  A common initial rhythm in out-of-hospital witnessed sudden cardiac arrest is ventricular fibrillation (VF).

  The most effective treatment for ventricular fibrillation (VF) is electrical defibrillation.

  The probability of successful defibrillation decrea

  Individuals in asystole respond well to early defibrillation.

When using a monophasic defibrillator, how many joules should be delivered per shock?

  150 J

  200 J

  300 J

  360 J

Immediately following a shock, CPR should be resumed for how many minutes?

  One minute

  Five minutes

  10 minutes

  Two minutes

The IV route is preferred for drug administration. If IV access is not available, the next preferred route is:

  Endotracheal

  Transdermal

  None of the above

  Intraosseous

The cardiac arrest rhythm associated with NO discernible electrical activity on the ECG is termed as _________?

  Pulseless electrical activity

  Ventricular tachycardia

  Bradycardia

  Asystole

Bradycardia is defined as any rhythm disorder with a heart rate less than:

  40 beats per minute

  50 beats per minute

  70 beats per minute

  60 beats per minute

Indications for transcutaneous pacing (TCP) include all of the following EXCEPT:

  Hemodynamically unstable bradycardia

  Unstable third-degree AV block

  Bradycardia with symptomatic ventricular escape rhythms

  Asystole

What is the first step in the treatment of persistent tachycardia (heart rate > 150 bpm) causing hypotension, altered mental status, and signs of shock?

  Obtain a 12-lead ECG

  Administer a calcium channel blocker

  Defibrillation

  Synchronized cardioversion

All of the following are found within the 8 D’s of Stroke Care EXCEPT:

  Detection

  Delivery

  Decision

  Debilitation

Signs and symptoms of a stroke may include:

  Sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm, or leg

  Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes

  Dizziness or loss of balance or coordination

  All of the above

The Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) identifies stroke on the basis of the following physical findings EXCEPT:

  Facial droop

  Arm drift

  Abnormal speech

  Abnormal gait

Under normal circumstances, what is the largest chamber of the heart?

  Right atrium

  Right ventricle

  Left atrium

  Left ventricle

Where is the start of the mechanical movement of the heart generally thought to begin?

  Right ventricle

  Left atrium

  Left ventricle

  Right atrium

You are alone when you encounter an individual in what appears to be cardiac or respiratory arrest. What are the first three steps you should take to stabilize them? Check for danger, check for response, and ____________.

  Start CPR.

  Administer an initial shock.

  Insert an advanced airway.

  Send for help.

All of the following are considered advanced airways EXCEPT:

  Laryngeal tube

  Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)

  Endotracheal tube (ET)

  Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)

The BLS Survey changed in the 2010 AHA update. Which of the following describes this change?

  Start with chest compressions instead of two rescue breaths.

  Survey is no longer represented by the mnemonic ABCD; instead, it is represented by the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4.

  Chest compressions should be continued while preparing the AED to minimize breaks.

  All of the above

Treatment of PEA should include the following EXCEPT:

  Identify and reverse etiologies of the arrest

  Effective CPR

  Epinephrine

  Defibrillation

All of the following can be considered an underlying cause of pulseless electrical activity EXCEPT:

  Hypoxia

  Hypovolemia

  Acute toxin ingestion

  Hyperglycemia

An important link in the STEMI Chain of Survival is improving myocardial perfusion by:

  Defibrillation

  Chest compressions

  CPR

  Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or fibrinolytics

In a bradycardic individual who is symptomatic and does not respond to atropine, the next treatment to consider is:

  Sedatives

  Analgesics

  Amiodarone

  Transcutaneous pacing

Tachycardia may reduce coronary perfusion and cause a myocardial infarction, which is also known as a(n):

  Irregular ventricular rhythm

  Stenosis of the heart

  Stroke

  Heart attack

During a tachycardic episode, if the individual ____________ at any point, you must switch algorithms.

  Urinates

  Vomits

  Salivates

  Loses a pulse

A _____________ is required to assess for STEMI.

  Transcutaneous pacing

  Vagal maneuvers

  Defibrillator

  12-lead ECG

All of the following are appropriate actions by first responders EXCEPT:

  Administer oxygen.

  Transport to a nearby stroke center.

  Check glucose level.

  Find IV access immediately.

Which of the following is the primary treatment in management of ventricular fibrillation?

  Carotid massage

  Defibrillation

  Sedatives

  All of the above

Why should therapeutic hypothermia be considered in an adult comatose person during the post-cardiac arrest period?

  To prevent tachycardia

  To re-establish circulation

  To prevent sepsis

  To protect the brain/organs

Which of the following side effects may be expected during amiodarone infusion?

  Hypotension

  Bradycardia

  Gastrointestinal toxicity

  All of the above

All of the following statements regarding asystole are correct EXCEPT:

  Vital organs can be permanently damaged.

  Asystolic rhythms can result in severe myocardial ischemia.

  A pulse will not be present in an asystolic individual.

  All heart tissue immediately dies when an individual enters asystole.

Answer 1

Answer 1: True

The therapeutic hypothermia should be considered in comatosed patient after cardiac arrest because this sytemic cooling enhances the chances of survival and a favourable neurological outcome as compared to the normothermic life support.

Answer 2: True

Ventricular fibrilation is a life threathening complication of ACS. The acute myocardial ischemia has a profound effect on the electrophysiological properities of cardiac cells causing damage in cellular ion currents,resting membrane potential. This leads to alteration in conduction, automaticity and thus leads to ventricular arrhythmias.

Answer 3: False

100% of oxygen is given in early intervention only in cases of acutely ill patients. The need for oxygen will depend on the saturation of oxygen in blood and other arterial blood gas parameter. It is not equally applicable in all cases.

Answer 4: False

Interruption of chest compressions for repetitive defibrilation will not effective resuscitatethe patient as there is no circulatory support during defribrilation which may lead to poor outcome.