Question

Chapter 19: Diet in Renal Disease

There are 8 dietary components that must be monitored and/or controlled in dietary treatment for kidney disease.

"How do SODIUM and IRON, VITAMINS & MINERALS, summarize the following questions":

1. Write a summary regarding the role of the components (SODIUM and IRON, VITAMINS & MINERALS) in kidney disease including each question below: The format should be as if you were writing this for a patient with kidney disease- so they can easily understand the information in layman terms.

A. How does the component affect the kidneys?

B. How the dietary component should be modified in regards to kidney disease. In other words, what are the clients needs for this component, should the patient eat more or less of this, should they avoid it, eat more, etc?

C. How should the dietary component be monitored during kidney disease treatment and management?

D. What benefits will the patient receive with these component modifications and changes to their diet?

Answer 1

##ROLE OF THE COMPONENT IN KIDNEY DISEASE:

1. IRON:

Iron deficiency in chronic kidney disease patient develops primarily during the correction of renal anemia by ESA.treatment . Approximately 150mg of iron is necessary for an increase of 1 gm/ dl in Hb level. In adult hemodialysis patient annually blood losses up to 4l of blood equivalent to 2gm iron.

2. SODIUM:

A high salt diet will alter sodium balance causing the kidney to have reduced function and remove less water resulting in higher blood pressure . This puts strain on the kidney and can lead to kidney disease.

3. VITAMIN:

People with chronic kidney disease have greater requirements for some water soluble vitamin.Specially renal vitamin are usually prescribed to provide extra water soluble vitamin needed . Renal vitamin contains vitamin B1, B2, B6,B12,niacin and small doses of vitamin C.

4. MINERAL:

Phosphorus is a mineral that should be limited most in patient with kidney disease . In these patient phosphorus can build up in the blood which can weaken bones,making them more brittle and weak . kidney patient need to be aware of high phosphorus foods and control their intake through diet.

##COMPONENT AFFECT THE KIDNEY:

1. SODIUM:

Eating salt raises the amount of sodium in bloodstream and wrecks the delicate balance ,reducing the ability of kidney to remove the water and result is increase blood pressure.

2. IRON:

Red blood cells carry oxygen from lungs to all parts of body . They give energy ,you need for your daily activity . The kidneys tell your body to make red blood cells . Iron helps make red blood cells healthy.

3. VITAMIN:

Vitamin E can suppress any increase in CSA induced lipid hydro peroxide and limit increase renal production of thromboxane . Vitamin E therapy have no significant effect against the CSA induced reduction in PRF and GFR.

4. MINERAL:

Mineral and bone disorder related to kidney disease happens when there is imbalance in blood levels of calcium ,phosphorus. This mineral imbalance can affect bone ,heart,and blood vessels.

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You may need to make changes to your diet when you have chronic kidney disease .These changes may including limiting fluids ,eating a low protein diet,limiting salt,potassium,phosphorus and other electrolyte and getting enough calories if you are loosing weight.

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The purpose of this diet is to keep the levels of electrolyte,minerals and fluid in your body balanced when you have chronic kidney disease or in dialysis.

People in dialysis need is special diet to limit the buildup of waste products in the body . limiting fluids between dialysis treatment is very important because most people on dialysis urinate very little. Without urination ,fluid will build up in the body and cause too much fluid in the heart and lungs.

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BENEFITS:

1. Protect kidneys from further damage.

2. Patient with kidney damage should limit the intake of certain foods to reduce the accumulation of u excreted metabolic products and protect against hypertension,proteinuria and other bone and health problem.