Question

1. Besides medication, discuss other factors that are important for an asthmatic to control in order to prevent flare-ups?  

2. What are the expected pharmacological actions of the beta2 adrenergic agonists such as albuterol?

3. When educating the patient, the nurse knows that the patient needs to wait _______ minute(s) between inhalations of the same inhaled medication and ________ minutes between inhalations of different inhaled medications.

4. What is the therapeutic range of theophylline?

5. When using a bronchodilator, such as albuterol and a steroid inhaler, such as budesonide, which inhaler would you use first? Explain why.

6. What is the select prototype medication for the leukotriene modifiers?

Answer 1

1, Asthma is a condition that cause breathing difficulty, we can manage the illness by preventing asthma flareups other than taking medicine by avoiding astham triggers that increase the asthma symptoms. avoidng asthma triggers like pollens, exercise, pet danders or mold avoid asthma flareups.
2, Beta adrenergic drugs are bronchodilators used for asthma, COPD and other respiratory problems. Beta 2 adrenergic receptors on airway smooth muscle cause activation of adenyl cyclase that increase in the intracellular concentration of cyclic 3, 5-adeneosine monophosphate(cAMP), high cyclic AMP cause activation of protein kinase A that inhibit phosphorylation of myosin and lower the intracelluar ionic calcium concentration that leads to realxation.
3, when educating the patient the nurse knows that the patient needs to wait one minute between inhalation of the same inhaled medications and 5-10minutes between inhlations of different inhlaed medications.
4, Therapeutic range of theophylline generally considered to be 5-15mcg/ml for adults, 5-10mcg/ml for neonate and children, more than 20mcg/ml considered as toxic.