In: Accounting
Allocating Selling and Administrative Expenses using Activity-Based Costing
Arctic Air Inc. manufactures cooling units for commercial
buildings. The price and cost of goods sold for each unit are as
follows:
Price | $60,000 | per unit |
Cost of goods sold | (28,000) | |
Gross profit | $32,000 | per unit |
In addition, the company incurs selling and administrative
expenses of $226,250. The company wishes to assign these costs to
its three major customers, Gough Industries, Breen Inc., and The
Martin Group. These expenses are related to three major
nonmanufacturing activities: customer service, project bidding, and
engineering support. The engineering support is in the form of
engineering changes that are placed by the customer to change the
design of a product. The budgeted activity costs and activity bases
associated with these activities are:
Activity | Budgeted Activity Cost | Activity Base | ||||
Customer service | $31,500 | Number of service requests | ||||
Project bidding | 74,000 | Number of bids | ||||
Engineering support | 120,750 | Number of customer design changes | ||||
Total activity cost | $226,250 |
Activity-base usage and unit volume information for the three customers is as follows:
Gough Industries | Breen Inc. | The Martin Group | Total | ||||||
Number of service requests | 36 | 28 | 116 | 180 | |||||
Number of bids | 50 | 40 | 95 | 185 | |||||
Number of customer design changes | 18 | 35 | 108 | 161 | |||||
Unit volume | 30 | 16 | 4 | 50 |
Required:
1. Determine the activity rates for each of the three nonmanufacturing activity pools. Round to the nearest whole dollar.
Activity Rate | ||
Customer Service | $ per serv. req. | |
Project Bidding | $ per bid | |
Engineering Support | $ per design changes |
2. Determine the activity costs allocated to the three customers, using the activity rates in (1).
Activity Costs | |
Gough Industries | $ |
Breen Inc. | $ |
The Martin Group | $ |
3. Construct customer profitability reports for the three customers, dated for the year ended December 31, using the activity costs in (2). The reports should disclose the gross profit and operating income associated with each customer.
Arctic Air Inc. | |||
Customer Profitability Report | |||
For the Year Ended December 31 | |||
Gough Industries | Breen Inc. | The Martin Group | |
Revenues | $ | $ | $ |
Cost of goods sold | |||
Gross profit | $ | $ | $ |
Selling and administrative activities: | |||
Customer service | $ | $ | $ |
Project bidding | |||
Engineering support | |||
Total selling and administrative activities | $ | $ | $ |
Operating income (loss) | $ | $ | $ |
Activity Rate = Overhead Costs/Total Driver | |||
Overhead | Activity Rate | ||
Customer Service = 31500/180 | 175 | per service req | |
Project Bidding = 74000/185 | 400 | per bid | |
Engineering Support 120750/161 | 750 | per design change | |
Activity cost allocated = Driver consumed*Activity Rate | |||
Activity Costs | |||
Gough Industries = 36*175 + 50*400 + 18*750 | 39,800 | ||
Breen Inc. | 47,150 | ||
The Martin Group | 139,300 | ||
Arctic Air Inc. |
|||
Customer Profitability Report | |||
For the Year Ended December 31 | |||
Gough Industries | Breen Inc. | The Martin Group | |
Revenues | 1,800,000 | 960,000 | 240,000 |
Cost of goods sold | 840,000 | 448,000 | 112,000 |
Gross profit | 960,000 | 512,000 | 128,000 |
Selling and administrative activities: | |||
Customer service | 6,300 | 4,900 | 20,300 |
Project bidding | 20,000 | 16,000 | 38,000 |
Engineering support | 13,500 | 26,250 | 81,000 |
Total selling and administrative activities | 39,800 | 47,150 | 139,300 |
Operating income (loss) | 920,200 | 464,850 | (11,300) |