Question

Paul is a young man (26 years old) and he was in Australian Defense Force since he was 18 until 4 years ago. Though he was married with two kids and appeared to be happy in his middle-class suburban neighborhood, Paul could never maintain a steady work history after he left the Defense Force. He was in Afghanistan for about 2 years when he was in army. Luckily, he had inherited some money and his home from a deceased relative, and his wife worked for a medical clinic. If the family had depended solely on Paul providing for them, they would have been in trouble. His wife encouraged him to see a psychiatrist in a private clinic and he is reporting that he was between jobs and discussing with the psychiatrist how much he hated his previous employer and that in all his years he had yet to find a job that made him happy. He also discussed his history of mood swings that left him depressed and withdrawn from his family and work. During these periods, his alcohol consumption would increase drastically, and his experimentation with hallucinogens got worse, putting a strain on his marriage and usually resulting in another job change. Paul had “tried” over the years to get a grip on his mood swings. Every time he assumed, he had things under control, his mood swings would flare up again, his use of alcohol and hallucinogens would increase, and he would change jobs again. Paul was later diagnosed with bipolar disorder

Q.5. Explain if the mental health disorders are leading people to use drug and alcohol or using alcohol and substance lead to mental health disorders?

Q. 6. Once, Paul tried to stop drinking alcohol by himself, however he had experienced the most severe alcohol withdrawal which is Delirium Tremens (DTs). Explain the signs and symptoms and treatment for this condition.

Q. 1. Use the form attached to this outline to formulate a risk assessment for Paul. Are there any protective factors for Paul? If yes, what are they?

Dear Sir/Madam,

could you please answer these questions for the above case study..

thank you

Answer 1

Q 5) Mental health problems and substuncs use disorders sometimes occur together.This is because:

. Certain illegal drugs can cause people with an addiction to experience one or more symptoms of a mental health problem.

.Mental health problems can sometimes lead to alcohol or drug use, as some people with a mental health problem may misuse these substances as a form of self-medication.

Substance use problems occur more frequently with certain mental health problems

. Depression

.Anxiety disorders

.personality disorders

Peoples use drugs and drink alcohol for lots of different reasons,using drugs or alcohol may have a long - term negative effect on you.The possible long term effects include the following

.Needing to take more to get the same effect

.Feeling like you must use the drugs or alcohol(dependence)

. withdrawal symptoms including feeling sick,cold,sweaty,or shaky when you don't take them

Loss of motivation

.problems with relationship

.Being secretive

.Having episodes of drug induced psychosis

If you are not already getting help with your mental health from your local mental health from your local mental health team,a good first step is to make an appointment to see your GP.If your needs are too complex for your GP to deal with alone,you might need more specialist support.A GP can refer you to your local mental health service or community mental health team.

Q 6) Delirium tremens

Delirium tremens also called withdrawal Delirium is a severe type of withdrawal from Alcohol.It involves sudden and severe mental or nervous system changes.

Delirium tremens(DTs) may also caused by head injury,infection ,or illness in people with a history of heavy alcohol use

Symptoms

Typically include .Extreme hyperactivity or restlessness,sudden busts of energy,vivid hallucinations,mental confusion and disorientation and psychosis

Other symptoms include:

.Agitation and irritability

.A deep sleep that cal last for a day or more

.fear or excitement

.fever

.quick mood changes

.sensitivity to light,touch and sound

.grandmal seizures,which are convulsions that involve the entire body,usually occur with in 12-48 hours after the last drink

TreatmeTreatment

Because of the high fatality rate,treatment for Delirium tremens is best carried out in a locked inpatient ward,or ICU,

Patients are typically hospitalized in a quiet well --it room,where their vital signs are frequently monitored.

Nursing staffs keeps a close eye on the individual's electrolyte levels and hydration status

Typical therapy includes infusions of thiamine (vitamin B1) twice a day,these prevents wernicke-korsakoff syndrome,a fatal brain disorder caused by thiamine deficiency

Intravenous sedatives such as valium are administered frequently to keep the patient calm and prevent seizures

Antipsychotic medications such as haloperidol to prevent hallucinations and severe agitation

Some people require medically monitored detox followed by stay at an inpatient facility for alcohol rehabilitation.

Q1)Yes

Supportive therapy is an important component of the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome and delirium tremens.such therapy includes providing a calm ,quiet ,well-lit environment,reassurance,ongoing reassessment,attention to fluid and electrolyte deficits.