Question

Create a case study "Reducing fertility in Bangladesh" with the info below:

Health Condition: In the mid-1970s, a Bangladeshi woman had more than six children on average. In combination with poor nutrition and lack of access to quality health services, this high fertility rate jeopardized the health of both the woman and her chil­dren. Beyond the health impact, high fertility and rapid population growth represented a major constraint to the country’s economic development and social progress. More than 150 million women in the developing world who would like to limit or space their pregnancies do not currently use a contraceptive method. So, for example, about 16 percent of mar­ried women in India have this “unmet need.” In sub-Saharan Africa, where services are in rela­tively short supply, the unmet need is the greatest.

Intervention or Program: The Bangladesh family planning program has depended on a large cadre of female outreach workers going door-to-door to provide information, motivate clients, and provide commodities; the program has used mass media to stimulate a change in attitudes about family size. The program both contributed to and benefited from improve­ments in women’s status in Bangladesh during the past 30 years.

Impact: As a result of the program, virtually all women in Bangladesh are aware of modern family planning methods. The current use of contraception among married women increased from 8 percent in the mid-1970s to about 60 percent in 2004, and fertility decreased from an average of more than six children per woman in 1975 to slightly more than three. Although social and economic improvements have played a major role in increasing demand for contraception, the provision of services and information has been shown to have had an independent effect on attitudes and behavior.

Cost and Cost-Effectiveness: The program is estimated to cost between $100 million to $150 million per year, with about one-half to two-thirds of the funding coming from external donors. Cost-effectiveness has been estimated at about $13 to $18 per birth averted, a standard measure for family planning programs.

Answer 1

Case study:

Introduction:

Bangladesh is one of the most cited country in fertility..In the mid-1970,a Bangladeshi woman had more than six children on average..

Objective:

Combination of poor nutrition and lack of access to quality health services are the main causes for this fertility.. This high fertility rate affected both woman and children.. poor socio_economic background also reason for this..

Unmet needs:

Morethan 150 million woman in the developed world limit their pregnancies do not currently use a contraceptive method.. example in India 16percent of married women have this unmet needs..same in sub_saharan Africa, due to short supply their unmet needs are high...

Intervention:

Bangladesh family planning program female outreach workers providing door-to-door information..they motivate clients and providing commodities.program using mass media to change their attitudes about family size..

Outcomes:

The program got benefited from improvements in women's status in Bangladesh during the past 30years..As a result of the program,all women in Bangladesh aware of modern family planning methods..usage of contraceptive method among married women increased from 8% in the mid_1970s to about 60% in 2004.. fertility decreased from six children to 3 children in the year 1975..And also there was sociology economic improvement increased for use of contraceptive... because of services and information there is independent effect on attitudes and behaviour..

Cost effectiveness:

The program estimation cost is 100 million dollar to 150 million dollar per year.. external dinars funding one-half to two-thirds for this program..for birth averted estimation cost 13dollar to 18dollar..This is a standard measures for family planning programs..

Conclusion:

The current changes, significant through they are,do not erase the fact that Bangladesh has done something..sociology economic development also improved it changed attitudes about family size,importance of family planning services to decrease the fertility..