Question

1. A 55-year-old male arrives at the hospital complaining of chest pain, shortness of breath and dizziness. The attending physician suspects the patient may be suffering from a heart attack after confirming the patient’s history of coronary artery disease.

a. Discuss the imaging technique (s) and/or hemodynamic data that can be used in a catheterization procedure to confirm stenosis in a coronary artery.

b. If coronary artery stenosis is confirmed, discuss at least two (2) possible interventions that the interventional cardiologist may employ.

Answer 1

a, Imaging technique:
cardiovascular imaging tests like intravascular ultrasonography, CT, and MRI find out atherosclerotic plagues for the catheterization and CAD disease in the early stages. these test images have high resolution capable and invasive technique for coronary intervention. multiple slice coronary CT angiogram noninvasive diagnostic method find CAD. this 64 slices cardiac CT technology will be high accuracy and it detects the lesions and better opportunity for plague catheterization. angiogram procedure as a diagnostic and therapeutic way that evaluates blockage in the arterial system with contrast material.
Hemodynamic assessment in cardiac categorization 2-dimensional echocardiography and Doppler echocardiography makes alternative noninvasive approach for the assessment in cardiac anatomy and hemodynamic with structural health disease.
b, Angioplasty and stent placement as an immediate treatment that ballon passed through the catheter narrow the area where there is a plaque by inflation that compress the deposits against the artery walls. one more intervention is coronary artery bypass surgery that the surgeon makes graft to bypass blocked coronary artery that allows blood to flow easily around the narrowed coronary artery.