A 50-year-old male patient arrives in the emergency department complaining of severe chest pain. He is...

A 50-year-old male patient arrives in the emergency department complaining of severe chest pain. He is taken to the cardiac cath lab for a coronary angiogram and left ventriculogram. The cardiologist discovers a lesion in the left main coronary artery branch and orders an immediate CABG.

1. What does the acronym CABG stand for?

2. Why does the location of this lesion make it more dangerous than lesions in other locations?

3. Could the cardiologist perform an angioplasty to repair the lesion?

4. Assuming that the CABG is successful, what is the patient’s postoperative prognosis?

5. What is the proximal saphenous vein sutured to during CABG?

Expert Solution

(1) CABG stands for coronary artery bypass surgery. It diverts blood around narrowed or clogged parts of the major arteries to improve blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart.

(2)The left main coronary artery supplies blood to the left side of the heart muscle (the left ventricle and left atrium). The left main coronary divides into branches: The left anterior descending artery branches off the left coronary artery and supplies blood to the front of the left side of the heart therefore when plaque builds up, it narrows your coronary artery decreasing blood flow to your heart. Eventually, the decreased blood flow may cause chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, or other coronary artery disease signs and symptoms. A complete blockage can cause a heart attack.

(3) angioplasty is not preferred because It reduce the symptoms of coronary artery disease (CAD), it isn't a cure for CAD or the risk factors that led to it.

(4) Overall mortality related to CABG is 3-4%. During and shortly after CABG surgery, heart attacks occur in 5 to 10% of patients and are the main cause of death. About 5% of patients require exploration because of bleeding. This second surgery increases the risk of chest infection and lung complications.

(5) During CABG saphenous vein is sutured to proximal segment of aorta.

Nightingale answered 2 years ago

A 54-year-old male patient arrives in the emergency department complaining of severe chest pain that radiates...

A 54-year-old male patient arrives in the emergency department complaining of severe chest pain that radiates to his mid-back along with dyspnea. He is morbidly obese, has smoked two packs of cigarettes a day for the past 20 years, and has two immediate family members who have died of heart disease. 1. What does the ED physician suspect is causing the patient’s symptoms? 2. What tests should the ED physician order? 3. Will surgical intervention be necessary, and if so,...

1. A 55-year-old male arrives at the hospital complaining of chest pain, shortness of breath and...

1. A 55-year-old male arrives at the hospital complaining of chest pain, shortness of breath and dizziness. The attending physician suspects the patient may be suffering from a heart attack after confirming the patient’s history of coronary artery disease. a. Discuss the imaging technique (s) and/or hemodynamic data that can be used in a catheterization procedure to confirm stenosis in a coronary artery. b. If coronary artery stenosis is confirmed, discuss at least two (2) possible interventions that the interventional...

A patient with chest pain arrives in the emergency department. The staff hurries to perform a...

A patient with chest pain arrives in the emergency department. The staff hurries to perform a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). The patient appears anxious and asks, “Why are all of these wires being hooked up to me?” Which of the following would be the best response by the nurse? Group of answer choices “The electrocardiogram wires will monitor your vital signs so we can see if there are any changes that require intervention.” “We are implementing this test to take the...

John is a 58 years male who arrives in the emergency department (ED) complaining of chest...

John is a 58 years male who arrives in the emergency department (ED) complaining of chest pain and tightness, loss of feeling in his left arm, nausea, shortness of breath, and fatigue. What questions the nurse will you ask the patient? What is the first task nurse will complete? What is the significance of taking John blood pressure, temperature, and pulse? Why would you hook John up to a heart monitor/EKG machine?

A 50 year old male presents to the ER complaining of severe pain in his left...

A 50 year old male presents to the ER complaining of severe pain in his left toe. The pain was sudden in onset and he describes the pain as sharp and non radiating. He is having difficulty bearing weight on his foot. His past medical history is significant for essential hypertension which is well controlled with an Ace inhibitor. Examination is significant for an inflamed first metatarsal phalangeal joint. In passing, he states that he enjoys a good meal, like...

Case: Chest Pain F.C. is a 57-year-old male who presents to the emergency department with chest...

Case: Chest Pain F.C. is a 57-year-old male who presents to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. Subjective data: PMH: HTN, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery bypass graft 4 years ago secondary to myocardial infarction Sudden onset shortness of breath Crushing feeling, chest pain 10/10 Current smoker, 1 pack a day for 41 years Objective data: Vital signs: T 37 C, P 72, R 20, BP 144/64 Lungs: clear bilaterally O2 sat: 94% Skin: cool to touch CV:...

A patient is admitted to the emergency room of a hospital complaining of chest pain and...

A patient is admitted to the emergency room of a hospital complaining of chest pain and shortness of breath. Upon receiving the test results, it is determined that the individual is experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI). What anatomical changes occur during this condition, and what is/are the likely consequence(s)?

A 64 yr old man comes to the emergency department with acute chest pain. He is...

A 64 yr old man comes to the emergency department with acute chest pain. He is holding his chest with his fist directly over his sternum. He is diaphoretic. He is in work clothes and has been mowing the lawn. It is 98F outside. What nursing actions would be appropriate immediately?

A 35-year-old man presents to the emergency department with complaints of chest pain. The pain improves...

A 35-year-old man presents to the emergency department with complaints of chest pain. The pain improves by leaning forward. On review, he has noted a flu-like illness over the last several days including fever, runny nose and cough. Upon further investigation his blood test indicates signs/parameters for infection. He denies tobacco, alcohol or drug use. His head and neck examination is notable for clear mucus in the nasal passages. However, his jugular venous pressure is high. Also, during his cardiac...

Mr. Hunt presents to the emergency department reporting excruciating chest pain. He is a 76-year-old white...

Mr. Hunt presents to the emergency department reporting excruciating chest pain. He is a 76-year-old white male who has been working in his yard for the past several days. He reports that the pain has gotten increasingly worse, and he just knows he is going to have a heart attack and die. He is immediately placed on a cardiac monitor and given nasal O2at 2 L/min. (Learning Objectives: 12, 15, 16, and 17) 1. What questions would be helpful at...

Question