Question

1-What types of cells does poliovirus infect in the early stages of the infection?

2-What types of cells does poliovirus infect in the early stages of the infection?

3-True or False: Mutations of the CCR5 gene can confer a resistance to infection with HIV?

Answer 1

Q. 1 and 2 are the same. Answer:

Poliovirus is strictly a human pathogen and attaches to the membrane receptor CD155 present only in human cells and some chimpanzees. Poliovirus is an enterovirus. Infection occurs through the faecal-oral route, which suggests that one ingests the virus which is followed by the viral replication in the alimentary tract, so cells of the alimentary canal are the first cells infected by the virus in the early stage so of infection. The Poliovirus is shed in the faeces of infected individuals. In 95% of cases, only a primary, temporary presence of viremia (virus in the bloodstream) occurs, and the poliovirus infection is asymptomatic. In less than 5% of cases, the Poliovirus travels and replicates in other sites such as brown fat, reticuloendothelial tissue, and muscle.

3. Ans

Yes, mutation of the CCR5 gene can confer resistance to HIV infection.

CCR5-delta 32 is a genetic mutation that is in charge of the two kinds of HIV resistances that exist. CCR5-delta 32 hampers HIV's capacity to penetrate immune cells. This mutation causes the change in orientation and structure of CCR5 co-receptor that it doesn't allow the virus to infiltrate it. A single copy of the mutation is not sufficient to prevent HIV infection however, it reduces carrier's chances of infection and slows down the progress of AIDS.