Question

Pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis in details

Answer 1

Multiple sclerosis: it is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease, bodys own immune cells attack the nervous system it is progressive disease,pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis: it is involves an immune mediated process in which an abnormal response of the bodys immune system is directed against the central nervous system , the multiple sclerosis is an immune mediated, first the immune systems attacks the myelin and then the nerve fibre and then the damaged myelin forms scars it is known as sclerosis, when the myelin sheath is damaged then the impulses travelling to and fro from the brain and spinal cord is interuppted. multiple sclerosis is caused byblood brain barrier breakdown which is triggered by the infections or avirus which in turn decreases the integrity of the tight junctions and then the T cells attacks the myelin triggers inflammatioru processes stimulating other immune cells and soluble facctors like cytokines and antibodies which results in the sweling and activation of macrophages and more activation of cytokines and other destructive proteins and then causes inflammation. ( normally the blood brain barrier prevent entrance of T cells into the nervous system and not permeable to these cells ) and the immune system attacks the nevous system forming plaques and lesions the white matter is commonly involved which destroys the oligodendrocytes causing demylination.