Estimate the distance from the Sun where a comet nucleus begins to create a coma as...

Estimate the distance from the Sun where a comet nucleus begins to create a coma as the icy materials sublimate to gases. The sublimation temperature for various comet constituents such as CO2 and H2O are not well known in a vacuum but it is near 150K. One can make an estimate of the “equilibrium” temperature of a spherical object in the Solar System by calculating the temperature where the power from sunlight received by the day side is exactly balanced by the blackbody emission from the entire surface. (a) At what distance from the Sun is the equilibrium temperature found to be 150K? (b) How do your results compare to the distances where comets are usually first detected?

Expert Solution

genius_generous answered 2 years ago

A comet orbits the Sun in 4,063 years. What is its average orbital distance from the...

A comet orbits the Sun in 4,063 years. What is its average orbital distance from the Sun? Express your answer in AU (enter "AU" for units) and round it to the nearest integer. An asteroid orbits the Sun at an average orbital distance of 1.15 AU. What is its average orbital period? Express your answer in years (enter "years" for units) and round it to two decimals. A moon orbits a planet in 3.5 days. What is the mass of...

A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion...

A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true? Speed of the comet Angular momentum of the comet/sun system Gravitational potential energy of the comet/sun system A Increases Increases Decreases B Increases Constant Decreases C Decreases Decreases Increases D Increases Increases Constant E Constant Constant Constant

From the solar constant and the average distance between the sun and the earth, estimate (a)...

From the solar constant and the average distance between the sun and the earth, estimate (a) the total power emitted by the sun, in megawatts, and (b) the mass loss of the sun, in tons per day

when firing a proton (for example) to an atomic nucleus, from a distance D, the deflection...

when firing a proton (for example) to an atomic nucleus, from a distance D, the deflection angle of the proton ? to the type of changes atomic nuclei? or always constant?

Jupiter is at an average distance from the Sun of 778,000,000 kilometers. It has a radius...

Jupiter is at an average distance from the Sun of 778,000,000 kilometers. It has a radius of 71,492 kilometers and a mass of 1.898 x 1027 kilograms. The Sun has a mass of 1.989 x 1030 kilograms. Answer the following: *What is the acceleration due to gravity on Jupiter? *How long does it take to revolve around the Sun in Earth-years? *How fast is it moving in its orbit around the Sun? *What is the magnitude of the force of...

The maximum distance from the Earth to the Sun (at aphelion) is 1.521 1011 m, and...

The maximum distance from the Earth to the Sun (at aphelion) is 1.521 1011 m, and the distance of closest approach (at perihelion) is 1.471 1011 m. The Earth's orbital speed at perihelion is 3.027 104 m/s. Ignore the effect of the Moon and other planets. (a) Determine the Earth's orbital speed at aphelion. m/s (b) Determine the kinetic and potential energies of the Earth

Question 2: On August 21, 2017, the Sun was at a distance of ~1.0115 AU from...

Question 2: On August 21, 2017, the Sun was at a distance of ~1.0115 AU from Earth, and most of the continental United States experienced a solar eclipse. a) Calculate the angular size of the Sun as seen from Earth on that date. b) Given that the Moon's angular size varies over the course of its orbit as given by the plots you created for Question 1, over approximately what fraction of the Moon's orbit does it appear to be...

From the diameter and effective surface temperature of the sun, estimate the rate at which it...

From the diameter and effective surface temperature of the sun, estimate the rate at which it emits energy. What fraction of this emitted energy is intercepted by the earth? Estimate the solar constant, given the mean earth-sun distance.

Estimate the mass of the Sun from the orbital period of the Earth (it’s presumed you...

Estimate the mass of the Sun from the orbital period of the Earth (it’s presumed you know what this is !) and the Earth’s orbital radius of 93 million miles. If the Sun’s radius is 109 times that of the Earth, what is the Sun’s mean density? What is the acceleration due to gravity on the Sun’s surface? Is it sensible to go and measure this at night?

3-part question based on this data: Planet Distance from Sun (in millions of miles) Years (as...

3-part question based on this data: Planet Distance from Sun (in millions of miles) Years (as a fraction of Earth years) ln(Dist) ln(Year) Mercury 36.19 0.2410 3.5889 -1.4229 Venus 67.63 0.6156 4.2140 -0.4851 Earth 93.50 1.0007 4.5380 0.0007 Mars 142.46 1.8821 4.9591 0.6324 Jupiter 486.46 11.8704 6.1871 2.4741 Saturn 893.38 29.4580 6.7950 3.3830 Uranus 1,794.37 84.0100 7.4924 4.4309 Neptune 2,815.19 164.7800 7.9428 5.1046 Pluto 3,695.95 248.5400 8.2150 5.5156 a) Draw a scatterplot of Distance vs. Year (using the untransformed data)...

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