12. A linear plot of the recession velocities of galaxies and clusters of galaxies (determined from...

12. A linear plot of the recession velocities of galaxies and clusters of galaxies (determined from redshifts) as a function of their distances from Earth results in a slope known as the “Hubble constant”, with units of 1/time, and its reciprocal (time) reveals that the Universe

a. is about 13.8 billion years old.

b. contains dark matter.

c. contains warped space.

d. has supernovae.

Expert Solution

Answer:- a) is about 13.8 billion years old.

If we correctly understand how fast space expands, we can derive the distance between the two objects. That rate of expansion is called the Hubble Constant (H0). H0 = v/d where v is the radial velocity of the galaxy we're observing and d is the distance from Earth.If we determine the distance to that far away galaxy (d) and we know that the speed of light (c) is constant, then we know how long it took that light to reach us. The universe cannot be younger than that amount of time. So, based on our current understanding of the Hubble constant and the farthest away galaxies we've been able to observe, we know that the universe has to be at least 13.8 billion years old for us to be looking at those galaxies. Edwin Hubble observed the light emitted by the nearby galaxies. According to Doppler’s Effect, if a galaxy is moving away from us, the frequency of it’s light that would reach us will be smaller and hence it’s wavelength will be larger. This is known as red-shift. This observation wasn’t as startling as his next observation. He had hoped to find as many galaxies moving towards us as moving away from us. But, this wasn’t his observation. He discovered that all the galaxies in every direction were moving away from us and their acceleration were directly proportional to their distance from us, which means the farther they were the faster they were moving. The measure of rate of expansion is known as Hubble’s constant. This data is used to trace back to the origin of the universe. If the galaxies are moving away from each other at an exponential rate, then it implies that there must have been a time when all galaxies were summed up in a high density and high energy state also known as singularity The moment of spontaneous expansion of the universe from this state is known as Big Bang.

genius_generous answered 2 years ago

Define the terms expansion and recession. How is the existence of a recession determined? What are...

Define the terms expansion and recession. How is the existence of a recession determined? What are the relative lengths of expansions versus recessions? How have the average lengths of each changed over time? How is business cycle volatility measured? Has volatility changed over time? Define the terms employed, unemployed, labor force, discouraged work- ers, and labor force participation rate. What is seasonal data adjustment, and why do macroeconomists prefer to study seasonally adjusted data? What is consumption smoothing, and how...

The Hubble Tuning Fork diagram proves that galaxies gradually move from being elliptical galaxies to spiral...

The Hubble Tuning Fork diagram proves that galaxies gradually move from being elliptical galaxies to spiral galaxies over time.

In the reaction, A → Products, a plot of ln[A] vs. time is linear and the...

In the reaction, A → Products, a plot of ln[A] vs. time is linear and the slope is equal to -0.860 s-1. How long will it take one-half of the initial amount of A to react? 0.693 s 0.860 s 0.500 s 0.806 s

Please show MATLAB code to plot below function from x = −3 to x = 12:...

Please show MATLAB code to plot below function from x = −3 to x = 12: function f = piecewise(x) % implements piecewise function using if statements if x < 0 f = -x^3 - 2*x^2 + 3*x; elseif x <= 8 f = (12/pi) * sin(pi*x/4); else f = (600*exp(x-8))/(7*(14 + 6*exp(x-8))) -30/7; end

what of the following options are true? The masses of galaxies are measured from I. their...

what of the following options are true? The masses of galaxies are measured from I. their rotation curves. II. the motions of small galaxies orbiting nearby them. III. the widths of spectral absorption lines from the galaxies. IV. summing up the light contribution from all of their stars.

Why do business from clusters and what are the advantages or disadvantages of clustering?

Week 12 Assignment Personality disorders. You should also view the 3 videos on Clusters A, B,...

Week 12 Assignment Personality disorders. You should also view the 3 videos on Clusters A, B, and C Personality Disorders. Based on what you learned from these materials, create a case study of a client who has one of the 10 personality disorder. In your case study, explain the following: 1. State and describe which personality disorder you selected. Which cluster? 2. Describe the main symptoms of your selected personality disorder. (e.g., behaviors, conflicts and other interpersonal issues and etc)....

. Draw a plot of the following set of data and determine the linear regression equation. What is...

. Draw a plot of the following set of data and determine the linear regression equation. What is the value of the slope and intercept? What is r and R2? Are there any outlier values? (15 points) Age (X): 20 25 36 29 41 35 56 43 66 50 59 67 51 75 75 81 54 66 52 48 Total Body Water (Y): 61 57 52 59 53 58 48 51 37 44 42 41 48 38 41 39 47 42 51 50

(Regression Analysis) Consider the simple linear regression model (I) and the corresponding scatter plot with the...

(Regression Analysis) Consider the simple linear regression model (I) and the corresponding scatter plot with the covariates XX (x-axis) vs residuals (y-axis). What model assumption violations can be diagnosed by this scatter plot?

You plot a θ vs time graph of a wind turbine blade and note a linear...

You plot a θ vs time graph of a wind turbine blade and note a linear relationship. The slope of the line is 1.45 rad/s. Which of the following applies? a. The angular acceleration is greater than 1 rad/s^2. b. The blade is rotating at a constant angular speed. c. The blade's kinetic energy is increasing. d. The blade's angular speed is decreasing.

Question