Question

What study method and please describe the use of the study method that has a clear connection to the hypothesis?

"Person's income can negatively affect their health. The hypothesis for this study will be that the amount of yearly income a person receives has a positive effect on their health. The independent variable will be income as defined by income brackets (operational definition?? not entirely sure “income brackets” is correct for this). The dependent variable will be health."

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Answer 1

Here, one can do a simple linear regression with y=heath and x= income

>> we can take income as a continuous variable as the amount of money a person makes yearly

>> and health as a binary variable as healthy=1 or not healthy =0

the regression will be looking like this

health = b0 + b1x money

where b0 and b1 are constant-coefficient to be determined using data

>> we need to further test the statistical significance of the method by testing whether the coefficient b1 is statistically significant or not

>> This can be tested using t-test where hypothesis would be

Ho: b1<=0

H1=b1>0 (b1 is positive to be tested as amount of income positively affect health of a person)

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One can also verify the test to make rough guesses by calculating person correlation between income and health

a positive value means income improves health and vice versa

( NOTE: correlation not always imply causation)

so this is not a good way to test your claim. but intuitively it gives a good idea.