Question

Could someone please assist me with the following: Thanks!

Briefly describe the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCD) on mortality and morbidity in the United States currently.

What are the necessary criteria needed for a sound screening program?

Answer 1

Non- communicable disease (NCD) is a medical condition that is not infectious or transmitted from one person to another person through contact or droplet.

NCD is the highest rate of death in the country. Two third of the annual death is because of NCD.

Common NCD are

1. Cardiovascular disease

This is one of the most leading causes of death. It is due to coronary artery disease, stroke, etc. The risk of cardiovascular is an increase in people due to improper lifestyle, unhealthy diet, obesity, physical inactivity, diabetes, etc.

2. Cancer

The most common cancers are lung, liver, stomach, colon, ovary, breast cancer. This is also caused by physical inactivity, obesity, lack of fruit and vegetable, use of tobacco, use of alcohol, etc.

3. Respiratory diseases

It includes chronic respiratory disease of the airway. The common disease includes COPD and asthma. It occurs mostly due to increasing pollution in the environment and the use of tobacco.

4. Diabetes

This occurs due to increase blood sugar levels. The risk of getting diabetes is a lack of physical activities, obesity, unhealthy diet, etc.

5. Mental disease: This include depression, stress, etc.

Risk factors for NCD

- Unhealthy diet

- use of alcohol

- use of tobacco

- lack of physical activities

- pollution

NCD and economic cost

This is also a burden for the country. People start working for a few years and die prematurely because of NCD. This leads to economic loss.

Criteria needed for screening program are

1. education regarding the NCD and their risk factors.

2. Prevent the use of alcohol, tobacco, etc.

3. Program to improve the physical activities of the people.

4. Educate the importance of a healthy diet or lifestyle

5. Every 6 months all the risk people should be a screen for NCD

6. Early diagnosis and screening should be done.