Problem 1:

You are given two tanks. Each with a separate inlet Fin and an outflow Fout. The relation of the level of water to the flow is given with the following differential equation:

A dh/dt = Fin − Fout .

To simplify the model of the system assume that the height of water in the tank vs the water flowing in can be linearized and represented by the following:

A dh/dt = Fin − αh;

Where alpha can be assumed to be a flow coefficient for the current flow operating range chosen.

The parameters for the 2 tanks are as such: alpha1 = 2, alpha2 = 10, Area1 = 400, Area2 = 1000.

1) Derive the transfer function for each system (where the level of water [h] is the output and the flow in [Fin] is the input.

2) What is the time constant and gain of each system

3) Assume that the Fout of tank 1 is going into tank 2. i.e. Fout,1 = Fin,2. What is the transfer function of the overall system? [where the level of water in tank 2 h2 is the output and the flow into tank 1 [Fin,1] is the input.

4) The transfer function in question 3 is second order. What is the gain, damping ratio, and natural frequency of this system?

5) Plot the step response of the overall system

6) Use the ‘stepinfo’ function (read the help in matlab) and determine the rise time (in seconds) and overshoot (in %) of the overall system to a step input.

Methanol (CH3OH) is produced by reacting carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2). A fresh feed stream containing CO and H2 joins a recycle stream and the combined stream is fed into a reactor. The reactor outlet stream flows at a rate of 350 mol/min and contains 10.6 wt% H2, 64.0 wt% CO, and 25.4 wt% CH3OH. The stream enters a cooler in which most of the methanol is condense. The liquid methanol is withdrawn as a product, and the gas stream leaving the condenser--which contains CO, H2, and 0.40 mole% uncondense CH3OH vapor is the recycle stream that combines with the fresh feed stream.

a. Draw the process flow diagram. Calculate the mole fraction of CH3OH, CO, and H2 present in the stream leaving the reactor.

b. Calculate the molar flowrate (moles/min) of condensed methanol stream and recycle stream.

c. Calculate the molar flowrate (moles/min) of CO and H2 present in the fresh feed.

d. What is the single-pass and overall conversion of CO?

For the following four data sets, your objective is to come up with an appropriate ARIMA model (seasonal or non-seasonal).

Sulfer dioxide series so2

Crude oil prices oil

Global temperature data gtemp

Johnson and Johnson earnings jj

Your answers should include the following components.

Plot of the data.

Box-Cox transformation if necessary, and the plot of the transformed data. Note that if a transformation is necessary, the transformed data must be used throughout.

Use appropriate techniques (if necessary) to remove trend and seasonal variations. Explain clearly what method(s) was used. Also submit the plot.

Plot of ACF and PACF. Explain clearly how you use them to determine a range of ARIMA model. Make sure to use differencing if necessary.

Using certain criterion, determine an optimal ARMA(p, q) model.

Using hypothesis testing methods, check if certain parameters of the ARMA model can be removed.

Performed diagnostic check for the model you obtained. Submit the appropriate plots. Make sure to use Box-Ljung statistics to test for white noise. If diagnostic check failed, adjust your model and start all over. Compare all possible models you considered with AIC values and p-values of the Box-Ljung statistics. Determine the final model.

Write the equation of the final model with clearly indicating the AR and MA coefficients. What is the estimate of the white noise variance? What does it tell you?

Forecast the next 20 values, and submit the plot showing the data with forecast values together with their prediction intervals. State the forecasting values with their standard errors.

Determine the overall heat transfer coefficient (U) in a heat exchanger that uses steam to heat water to the point of vaporization (in vacuum.) The system is non-insulated, so the heat lost to the surroundings must be taken into consideration. While I know that the heat Q = mCdT and the heat transfer rate q = UAdT(Log-mean), I am struggling to equate the two due to the heat lost to the surroundings. How do I go about determining the overall heat transfer coefficient in a system like this?

I would like to make 3.8 M of Perchloric acid and, i have no idea how to do it since it is not my field of study.

But have to make 3.8 M of Perchloric acid because we need to make sampling fluid with it.

Sampling fluid contains 0.11~0.13 grams of 2,4-DNPH+1L of Acetonitrile+0.15 mL of 3.8 M Perchloric acid.

The Perchloric acid that i have right now is 70%, 99.999% trace metals basis, Cas:7601-90-3 HCIO4, MW:100.46 g/mol, in a bottle of 50 mL.

My colleague told me that it contains 2009.2 M of HCIO4 in 50 mL from the calculation; 100.46/0.05 L = 2009.2 M HCIO4

If this it right, how do i make 2009.2 M of HCIO4 to 3.8 M HCIO4 ???

please help.

Liquid benzene at 298K and 1.2 bar is converted to vapor at 473K and 5 bar in a two-step process.
For compression to 5 bar by a pump, calculate the power requirement of the pump, if it is 70% efficient. Assume Cp of 105 j/mol.

One mole of n-butane and one mole of n-pentane are charged into a container. The container is heatedto 180 ^oF where the pressure reads 100 psia. Determine the quantities and composition of the phases in the container.

A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.3 m³ of nitrogen gas at 350 kPa and 35 ℃. An electric heater within the device is turned on and is allowed to pass a 240W for 6 minutes. Nitrogen expands at constant pressure, and a heat loss of 3000 J occurs during the process. Determine the final temperature of the nitrogen. (Average C_P for Nitrogen is 1.039 kJ/kgK and molecular weight of Nitrogen is 28.01 kg/kmol.)

A gas stream containing 3% A is passed through a packed column to remove 99% of A by absorption in water. The absorber will operate at 25 C and 1 atm, and the gas and liquid rates are to be 20 mole/h ft2 and 100 mole/h ft2 respectively. Mass transfer coefficient and equilibrium data are as follows:

y* = 3.1 x at 25 C

k_xa = 60 mol/h ft3 unit mol fraction

k_ya = 15 mol/h ft3 unit mol fraction

a)Evaluate Noy, Hoy, and ZT

b) Calculate ZT using Nox and Hox

(NB: Please don't copy paste the solution from google' web, because i dont know what equation did they use to compute for the unknown. Please help wiith complete equations, explanation for this problems and diagram. Thank You <3 )

The sodium potassium pump transports 5 ions for every molecule of ATP that is hydrolyzed: 3 Na+ out of the cell and 2 K+ into the cell. The pump maintains internal Na+ at 13 mM and external Na+ at 144 mM; it maintains internal K+ at 138 mM and external K+ at 9 mM. Assuming that the membrane potential is –66 mV (inside negative relative to outside), the temperature is 37 °C, and F is 23.1 kcal/V·mol, how much energy does it take to run the pump (i.e., how many kcal of energy are required per 5 mol of ions pumped)? Report your answer to the nearest tenth of a unit.

1.A stockpile of approximately 50 metric tons of plutonium exists in the United States as a result of disassembling warheads from the nuclear arms race. What is the likely fate of this plutonium? (Hint: Search for plutonium disposal. Try also including United States and DOE in your search string.)

a. Some propose that the plutonium be sent to local nuclear power plants to “burn” as fissionable fuel. What are the advantages and disadvantages of such a course of action?

b. Others propose that it be stored permanently in a repository. Again, list the advantages and disadvantages.

A fuel consists of 75% mol methane 25% mole of ethane enters an oven with 80%
excess air at 30 degrees Celsius. If 8 x 10 ^ 5 kJ per kg mol of fuel is transferred as heat to the boiler tubes, at what temperatures do the combustion gases from the furnace come out? Assume combustion
complete

* The steps of the solution of the thermodynamics book edition 7 are not accepted.

* Do the exercise step by step please.

* With clear formulas to know where each number comes from (result).

what is a reversible versus irreversible path and why is a reversible path useful while being physically impossible. what makes a reversible path impossible?