1. A) Determine the ratio of waste to cover material (volume basis) as a function of the initial compacted specific weight for a solid waste stream of 1000 tonnes/day to be placed in 2m lifts within a progressive cell width of 30m. The slope of the working face is 3h: 1v. Assume that the waste is compacted initially to an average compaction rate of a) 700kg/m3 and b) 800kg/m3. The daily cover thickness is 200mm.

i. Determine the daily volume of the deposited solid waste for a)700kg/m3 and b) 800kg/m3 ii. Determine the length of each daily cell for a) 700kg/m3 and b) 800kg/m3 iii. Determine cell floor area for a) 700kg/m3 and b) 800kg/m3 iv. Determine volume of soil for daily cover for a) 700kg/m3 and b)800kg/m3 v. Determine ratio of waste to cover soil for a) 700kg/m3 and b) 800kg/m3

b)Estimate the landfill airspace required annually for a Regional Council with a population of 420,000. Assume waste generation rate is 800kg/person/year and the compaction rate is 800kg/m3.

C)A landfill must have a leachate barrier system. Draw diagram to indicate the various components of the leachate barrier system and explain the importance of the various components.

D)The volume of sediment - laden stormwater runoff should be minimized as part of a landfill operation. Explain why and provide examples of erosion control measures to be implemented to reduce the sediment load.

Air is compressed adiabatically in a piston–cylinder assembly from 1 bar, 300 K to 8 bar, 600 K. The air can be modeled as an ideal gas and kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible. Determine the amount of entropy produced, in kJ/K per kg of air, for the compression. What is the minimum theoretical work input, in kJ per kg of air, for an adiabatic compression from the given initial state to a final pressure of 8 bar? Note that work is positive into the compressor.

100 mol n-Hexane (C6H14) is burned with excess air. An analysis of the product gas yields the following dry-basis molar composition: 6.9% CO2, 2.1% CO, 0.265% C6H14 (+ O2 and N2). The stack gas emerges at 760 mm Hg. Calculate the percentage conversion of hexane, the percentage excess air fed to the burner, and the dew point of the stack gas, taking water to be the only condensable species.

Suppose you have nanometer-sized features in your sample, and would like to resolve the shape as good as you can. Which setting(s) of a Köhler microscope will give you the highest chance of resolving these features and their shape?

1.Manometer fluid = Tungsten Hexafluoride WF6; Density = 13,000 g/m3; MW = 297.83 g/mol You have sent a probe to an unexplored planet and need to figure out what the gravity is on the planet before you can go there. The probe is equipped with a manometer that was calibrated on earth. Pressurized tanks are attached to each side with Tank A being a constant pressure. On earth, the Tank B was set to a pressure of 40 Pa which gave a height difference of 21 cm in the monometer fluid with the tank B side fluid being lower. The manometer was sent to the planet and where tank B pressure was set to 3.7 Pa. This gave a height difference of 6.1 cm with the fluid being higher on the tank B side. What is the gravity constant of the new planet? (Note: density of fluid will not change, and the fluid is immiscible with the other gases)

Air is contained in a piston-cylinder. Initially, the 0.35 kg of air is at 2 MPa and 350°C. The air is first expanded isothermally to 500 kPa, then compressed polytropically with a polytropic exponent of 1.25 to the initial pressure, and finally compressed at the constant pressure to the initial state. Calculate the net heat transfer during the polytropic process in kJ assuming constant specific heats at 300 K (with 3 significant figures).

Describe the Diagrammatic Stress Displacement Curve and which strength should be used and when.

In a device to produce drinking water, humid air at 32C, 90% relative humidity and 1 atm is cooled to 5C at constant pressure. If the duty on the unit is 2,200 kW of heat is removed from the humid air.

Data: Air at 32C has H = 0.204 kJ/mol and at 50C has H = -0.576 kJ/mol

H of steam can be found on the steam tables – vapor at 32C and 1 atm; vapor at 5C and liquid at 5C. Assume the volume of the humid air follows the ideal gas law.

H of water liquid at 5C = 21 kJ/kg; vapor at 5C = 2510.8 kJ/kg; H of water vapor at 32C = 2560.0 kJ/kg

What is the flow of humid air entering the system in mol/min?

What is the flow of humid air entering the system in m^3?

How much drinking water is produced by the system in lit/min?

Glass Transition Temperature and Molecular Motion

List the order of the glass transition temperatures for polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polystyrene.   PE (-80), PP (-20), PVC (85), PS (100).

Define the glass transition temperature in polymer materials. –

Describe the reason for this vast range of glass temperatures among these 4 materials.

In general, condensation polymers have higher monomer feedstock costs but lower capital costs to synthesis.   False or True.

Above the critical degree of polymerization, molecular weight largely governs the mechanical properties of the polymer. True or False.

A and B are monomers polymerized to form the following copolymer:

A-A-B-A-B-B-A-A-A-B-A-B-A-A-B-B-B-B. This is an example of a block copolymer.   True or False

Engineering Thermoplastics are a class of polymers which are generally more expensive than commodity polymers.     True or False.

The processes of crystallization occurs at temperatures below the Tg (glass transition)   True or False.