1) Which is hottest? 200 F or 200 C or 200 Kelvin 2) Convert (- 40)...

1) Which is hottest? 200 F or 200 C or 200 Kelvin

2) Convert (- 40) C to Fahrenheit .

3) What is the hottest possible temperature?

4) Thermometers are used to measure temperature. There are many different types of thermometers. One type is based on a thermocouple . Briefly describe how a thermocouple works.

5) What is the recommended temperature for inside a residential refrigerator?

Expert Solution

1. 200 C

2. -40 F

3.

Scientists have produced superheated gas exceeding temperatures of 2 billion degrees Kelvin, or 3.6 billion degrees Fahrenheit.

This is hotter than the interior of our Sun, which is about 15 million degrees Kelvin, and also hotter than any previous temperature ever achieved on Earth.

4.

A thermocouple is comprised of at least two metals joined together to form two junctions. One is connected to the body whose temperature is to be measured; this is the hot or measuring junction. The other junction is connected to a body of known temperature; this is the cold or reference junction. Therefore the thermocouple measures unknown temperature of the body with reference to the known temperature of the other body.

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Working Principle

The working principle of thermocouple is based on three effects, discovered by Seebeck, Peltier and Thomson. They are as follows:

1) Seebeck effect: The Seebeck effect states that when two different or unlike metals are joined together at two junctions, an electromotive force (emf) is generated at the two junctions. The amount of emf generated is different for different combinations of the metals.

2) Peltier effect: As per the Peltier effect, when two dissimilar metals are joined together to form two junctions, emf is generated within the circuit due to the different temperatures of the two junctions of the circuit.

3) Thomson effect: As per the Thomson effect, when two unlike metals are joined together forming two junctions, the potential exists within the circuit due to temperature gradient along the entire length of the conductors within the circuit.

In most of the cases the emf suggested by the Thomson effect is very small and it can be neglected by making proper selection of the metals. The Peltier effect plays a prominent role in the working principle of the thermocouple.
5.

The ideal refrigerator temperature range is 1

genius_generous answered 1 hour ago

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