Question

What are the Related concepts for diabetes.

Answer 1

Diabetes Mellitus, commonly known as Diabetes is a disease that occurs when blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high.
Related Concepts for Diabetes

Blood glucose level : The amount of glucose in the blood. The recommended blood glucose levels for most people with diabetes are from about 80 to 120 before a meal, 180 or less after a meal, and between 100 and 140 at bedtime.

Blood glucose meter: A device that measures how much glucose is in the blood. A specially coated test strip containing a fresh sample of blood (obtained by pricking the skin, usually the finger, with a lancet) is inserted in the meter, which then measures the amount of glucose in the blood.

Blood glucose monitoring: The act of checking the amount of glucose in the blood. When done by the individual with diabetes, it is also called self-monitoring of blood glucose.

Carbohydrates: One of the three main classes of foods and a source of energy for the body. Carbohydrates are mainly sugars and starches that the body breaks down into glucose.

Glucagon: A hormone that raises blood glucose. Glucagon, given by injection, is used to treat severe hypoglycemia.

Glucose: A simple sugar found in the blood. It is the body’s main source of energy.

Hyperglycemia: A high level of glucose in the blood. High blood glucose can be due to a too little insulin, food is not covered by insulin, or too little exercise. Symptoms include thirst, frequent urination, blurred vision, and fatigue.

Hypoglycemia: A low level of glucose in the blood. Low blood glucose is most likely to occur during or after exercise, if too much insulin is present, or not enough food is consumed. Symptoms include feeling shaky, having a headache, or being sweaty, pale, hungry, or tired. If not treated with a source of sugar, hypoglycemia can lead to a loss of consciousness, which can be life threatening.

Insulin: A hormone produced by the pancreas that helps the body use glucose for growth and energy. When the body cannot make enough insulin, it is taken by injection using a syringe or pen, or through use of an insulin pump, and there are several different types of man-made insulin that can be injected. These types differ in how long they take to begin working and how long their effects last, and are used separately or in combination to treat people with diabetes.

Insulin injections: The process of administering insulin into the body with a syringe or pen.

Insulin pen: A pen-like device used to administer insulin into the body.

Insulin pump: A device that delivers a continuous supply of insulin. The pump is often programmed to deliver small, steady doses of insulin throughout the day. This steady dosage is known as the basal rate. Additional doses, called boluses, are given to cover food or high blood glucose levels. The pump holds a reservoir of insulin which is delivered through a system of plastic tubing (infusion set). Most infusion sets are started with a guide needle, then the plastic cannula (a tiny, flexible plastic tube) is left in place, taped with dressing, and the needle is removed.

Ketoacidosis: A serious condition that occurs due to insufficient insulin in the body because of illness, incorrect doses of insulin, or omitting insulin injections. The lack of insulin causes acids known as ketones to build up in the blood and to be discharged in the urine. The acidic state that follows causes fruity smelling breath, deep and rapid breathing, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and sleepiness, and can lead to diabetic coma or even death if not properly treated. Also known as diabetic ketoacidosis or DKA.

Lancet: A fine, sharp-pointed needle used to prick the skin of a person with diabetes to obtain a sample of blood for blood glucose monitoring.

Pancreas: The organ behind the lower part of the stomach that makes insulin.

Quick-acting glucose :Foods containing simple sugar that are used to raise blood glucose levels quickly during a hypoglycemic episode.

Target range: A selected level for blood glucose values that the person with diabetes tries to maintain. The target range is usually determined by the physician in consultation with the patient or parents/guardians of the child with diabetes.