Question

8. What are the common activated carriers, what do they carry, which vitamin are they derived from, and what diseases/disorders are associated with a deficiency? What are the three principal means of controlling metabolic reactions?

Answer 1

8. What are the common activated carriers, what do they carry, which vitamin are they derived from, and what diseases/disorders are associated with a deficiency?

Activated carriers are referred to as the molecules that would be used in easy exchangeable forms either through high energy electrons or through readily transferable forms, and would be serving in the form of chemical groups in the various biosynthetic reactions as well as as a source of energy. One of the most widely used molecule that is an activated carrier is ATP. Other activated carrier molecules are FADH2, NADH, NADPH. NADH and NAD are derived from vitamin B3 and FAD is derived from vitamin B2.

B2 deficiency maybecausinv developmwntal deficiencies such as cardiac diseases or cleft in the palate of inthe lip. This may also be causing growth retardation. There would be a deficiency of NAD, would be leading to metabolic energy deficiencies, with lower metabolic energy along with depression, chronic fatigue syndrome, anxiety or a variety of other illnesses.

What are the three principal means of controlling metabolic reactions?

The three principal means by which metabolic reactions could be controlled are:

• Availability of substrates
• Amount of enzyme
• Enzyme activity or catalytic efficiency of the enzyme.